Biotechnology, or Biotech, is a diverse field that harnesses biological processes and organisms to create innovative solutions across various sectors. Originating from early agricultural practices like bread and alcohol production, it has since evolved into a critical technology with wide-ranging applications.

In medicine, also known as biopharma or red biotechnology, biotechnology drives advancements in drug production, stem cell therapy, gene editing, and the development of vaccines and lab-grown organs.

The industrial sector benefits from biotech through the creation of biofuels, biodegradable materials, and environmentally friendly chemical processes. It is also known as industrial biotechnology or white biotechnology.

In agriculture, biotechnology (also known as green biotechnology) enhances food security by developing pest-resistant crops, drought-tolerant plants, and nutrient-rich foods. Examples are pesticides and herbicides produced biologically, and gluten-free grains.

The environmental sector utilizes biotech for waste management, pollution control, and the restoration of ecosystems through methods like bioremediation. Another example includes phytoremediation, which is a purification of soil and other pollutants induced in heavy metals.

Overall, biotechnology plays a vital role in improving human health, industrial efficiency, agricultural productivity, and environmental sustainability. By leveraging living organisms and biological techniques, it offers solutions that address some of the most pressing challenges in modern society.