a. “Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have the right to do and what is right to do.” – Potter Stewart

This quotation emphasizes the fundamental distinction between legality and morality. Ethics often goes beyond mere compliance with laws and regulations; it involves making choices that uphold moral principles. Potter Stewart suggests that having the legal right to perform an action does not necessarily make it ethical. For instance, a corporation might legally exploit tax loopholes to minimize its tax burden, but ethically, it may be seen as shirking its social responsibilities. Ethical decisions require individuals to consider the broader impact of their actions on others and society. Recent example: In the context of the Adani Group controversies, while some actions were legally permissible, there was significant debate over their ethical implications concerning environmental and social responsibilities.

b. “If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel that there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are father, mother and teacher.” – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam underscores the crucial role of family and educators in shaping an individual’s values and character. Fathers, mothers, and teachers are pivotal in instilling ethical values and a sense of integrity from a young age. Parents provide the foundational values and moral compass, while teachers reinforce these principles through education. For instance, the “Moral Science” curriculum in Indian schools is designed to instill ethical values among students. If these key societal members emphasize honesty and transparency, it can significantly contribute to a corruption-free society. Recent example: The emphasis on values-based education in schools, such as the introduction of “Value Education” programs, aims to build character and prevent future corruption.

c. “Judge your success by what you had to give up in order to get it.” – Dalai Lama

Dalai Lama encourages evaluating success not just by the achievements but by the sacrifices made to attain them. This perspective highlights that true success often involves personal cost and compromises. Success that is achieved by compromising values or harming others is less commendable. For example, whistleblowers often face significant personal and professional sacrifices, yet their actions are considered noble because they uphold ethical standards. Recent example: The Edward Snowden case, where Snowden sacrificed his career and personal freedom to expose governmental surveillance practices, illustrates this notion of success being measured by the sacrifices made in the pursuit of a higher ethical standard.