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Why is one of the 21st century’s most important technologies nanotechnology? Describe the key components of the Indian government’s mission in nanoscience and technology as well as the extent to which it is being used in the nation’s growth. (200 words) [UPSC 2016]
Nanotechnology: A Key Technology of the 21st Century
1. Importance and Significance: Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular scale, typically between 1 and 100 nanometers. This precision enables the creation of materials and devices with unique properties that are not present at larger scales. The key technologies of the 21st century, nanotechnology is pivotal due to its potential to revolutionize various fields, including medicine, electronics, energy, and environmental sustainability. For instance, nanomedicine can enhance drug delivery systems, improving efficacy and reducing side effects. In electronics, nanotechnology facilitates the development of smaller, more efficient components, crucial for advancing computing power.
2. Indian Government’s Mission on Nanoscience and Technology: India’s Mission on Nanoscience and Technology, initiated by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), focuses on advancing research and applications in nanoscience. Key features include:
3. Scope in Development Process: Nanotechnology’s applications in India are vast and transformative:
By integrating nanotechnology into these sectors, India can address key development challenges and boost its economic growth.
Model Answer
Introduction
Nanotechnology, the art and science of manipulating matter at the nanoscale (1-100 nanometers), is hailed as a revolutionary force in modern science. Similar to how the microchip transformed technology in the 20th century, nanotechnology is expected to usher in a new wave of innovation in the 21st century.
Nanotechnology’s Profound Impact on Key Sectors
Key Features of the Indian Government’s Mission on Nanoscience and Technology
Launched in 2007, the Indian Government’s “Nano Mission” recognizes the potential of nanotechnology. Its salient features include:
Scope of its Application in India’s Development
Conclusion
Nanotechnology is a frontier technology that can significantly impact India’s development across various sectors. The government’s Nano Mission focuses on research, infrastructure, and innovation to harness this potential effectively and responsibly.