Roadmap for Answer Writing
1. Introduction
- Definition of GDP: Briefly define GDP and its significance as a measure of economic activity.
- Context of Change: Mention the major overhaul of GDP calculation methodology in 2015 to align with international standards.
2. Body
A. Key Differences in Methodology
- Change in Base Year
- Before 2015: Base year was 2004-05.
- After 2015: Base year updated to 2011-12.
- Fact: This change aimed to capture economic information more accurately.
- Source: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
- Broadening of Database
- Before 2015: Relied on IIP and ASI, covering about 200,000 companies.
- After 2015: Expanded to include MCA 21 data, now encompassing around 500,000 companies.
- Fact: This broader database provides a more comprehensive view of economic performance.
- Source: Press Information Bureau.
- GDP Calculation Method
- Before 2015: Calculated at factor cost.
- After 2015: Shifted to GDP at market price and GVA at basic price for sector-wise estimation.
- Fact: Incorporates product subsidies and taxes, aligning with international practices.
- Source: Reserve Bank of India.
- Calculation of Labour Income
- Before 2015: Uniform calculation of labour income.
- After 2015: Introduction of “effective labour input” concept, assigning different weights based on labour type.
- Fact: This provides a more nuanced understanding of labour contributions.
- Source: National Statistical Office.
- Coverage of Agriculture and Financial Sector
- Before 2015: Only farm produce considered for agricultural income.
- After 2015: Includes value addition from livestock and comprehensive financial sector activities.
- Fact: Enhances accuracy in measuring contributions from these sectors.
- Source: Ministry of Finance.
3. Conclusion
- Summary of Key Points: Recap the main differences in methodology.
- Final Thought: Emphasize the improved accuracy and robustness of the new methodology, reflecting current economic realities.
भारत की सकल घरेलू उत्पाद (GDP) की गणना विधि में 2015 के पहले और बाद का अंतर
**1. 2015 के पहले की गणना विधि:
**2. 2015 के बाद की गणना विधि:
उदाहरण: 2015 से पहले GDP वृद्धि दर की गणना में अधिक त्रुटियाँ और डेटा की अपूर्णता की समस्या थी। नए आधार वर्ष के साथ, GST और डिजिटल लेनदेन के डेटा का उपयोग कर GDP की गणना अधिक सटीक और अर्थव्यवस्था की वास्तविक स्थिति को दर्शाने लगी है।
निष्कर्ष: 2015 के बाद की गणना विधि ने GDP की गणना को अद्यतन और सटीक बनाया है, जिससे भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था की वास्तविक स्थिति का बेहतर आकलन संभव हो सका है।
Model Answer
Introduction
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the economic value of a country’s activities, representing the market value of all goods and services produced in a specific period. In 2015, India overhauled its GDP calculation methodology to align with international standards, enhancing the accuracy and comprehensiveness of economic assessments.
Body
Key Differences in Methodology
Conclusion
The shift in India’s GDP calculation methodology demonstrates a dynamic approach to economic measurement. The updated method is statistically more robust, incorporating a wider array of indicators and factors that respond effectively to contemporary economic changes.