The 42nd Amendment, enacted in 1976 during the Emergency period, is often referred to as a revision of the Indian Constitution due to its extensive changes that impacted the constitutional framework. It introduced significant modifications, including the addition of the Fundamental Duties of citizens, thereby enhancing the scope of rights and responsibilities.

Moreover, it altered the preamble, emphasizing the goals of socialism and secularism. The amendment also expanded the powers of the Parliament, allowing it to legislate on matters in the State List under certain conditions, which increased central authority. Additionally, it curtailed judicial review by limiting the scope of courts to challenge constitutional amendments. These sweeping changes collectively transformed the Constitution’s structure, earning the amendment its designation as a revision.

The 42nd Amendment, enacted in 1976, is termed a revision of the Indian Constitution because it introduced sweeping changes that significantly altered the constitutional framework. This amendment added the Fundamental Duties of citizens, thereby enhancing the scope of individual responsibilities alongside rights.

It also modified the Preamble, emphasizing socialism, secularism, and integrity, reflecting the government’s intent during the Emergency period. Furthermore, the amendment expanded the powers of Parliament, allowing it to legislate on state matters under certain circumstances, which strengthened central authority. Additionally, it restricted the power of judicial review, limiting the judiciary’s ability to challenge constitutional amendments. Collectively, these extensive changes transformed the Constitution’s structure and principles, justifying its designation as a revision.