Impact of the Nationalist Movement on the Evolution of Indian Education System

Introduction

The Indian nationalist movement, which began in the late 19th century, had a significant impact on the evolution of the Indian education system. This movement aimed to promote Indian culture, values, and identity, and education was seen as a crucial tool in achieving this goal. This answer will evaluate the impact of the nationalist movement on the evolution of the Indian education system, including the establishment of national universities and institutes.

Nationalist Movement’s Goals

The nationalist movement aimed to:

1. Promote Indian culture and values: The movement sought to promote Indian culture, values, and traditions, which were seen as being threatened by British colonialism.
2. Develop Indian human resources: The movement aimed to develop Indian human resources, including education, science, and technology, to compete with the West.
3. Achieve political independence: The movement sought to achieve political independence from British colonial rule.

Impact on Education System

The nationalist movement had a significant impact on the evolution of the Indian education system:

1. Establishment of national universities: The movement led to the establishment of national universities like Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), and Delhi University (DU). These universities were seen as symbols of Indian pride and played a crucial role in promoting Indian culture and values.
2. Emphasis on Indian culture and values: The nationalist movement emphasized the importance of Indian culture and values in education. This led to the inclusion of Indian languages, literature, and history in school curricula.
3. Development of science and technology: The movement encouraged the development of science and technology in India, which led to the establishment of institutions like the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT).
4. Promotion of vernacular languages: The nationalist movement promoted the use of vernacular languages in education, which helped to democratize education and make it more accessible to a wider population.

Nationalist Movement’s Impact on Specific Institutions

1. Banaras Hindu University (BHU): BHU was established in 1916 by Madan Mohan Malaviya, a prominent nationalist leader. The university was seen as a symbol of Indian pride and played a crucial role in promoting Indian culture and values.
2. Aligarh Muslim University (AMU): AMU was established in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, a prominent Muslim leader. The university was seen as a symbol of Muslim pride and played a crucial role in promoting Muslim culture and values.
3. Indian Institute of Science (IISc): IISc was established in 1909 by Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, a prominent industrialist. The institute was seen as a symbol of India’s scientific capabilities and played a crucial role in promoting science and technology in India.