A confluence of historical events that represented India’s complex socio-political backdrop and aspirations for independence and democracy shaped the design of the Indian Constitution:

Freedom Struggle: The ideals of justice, equality, and liberty were central to the Indian independence movement, which was headed by leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. It established the framework for constitutional principles based on social fairness and democratic government.

Indian states have retained aspects of British constitutionalism, such as parliamentary democracy, rule of law, and fundamental rights, even in the face of colonial persecution. These had an impact on how the Indian Constitution was written and how it operated.

Social Reform Movements: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Jyotirao Phule, and Raja Ram Mohan Roy were among the leaders of social reform movements that promoted social justice, equality, and the removal of discriminatory practices.

International Influences: The fundamental rights framework and justice principles of the Indian Constitution were shaped by concepts from other countries, such as the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights and the constitutions of other democracies.

Different Cultural and Religious Traditions: To ensure unity in variety, India’s numerous cultural, linguistic, and religious populations inspired the development of a federal structure as well as provisions for rights related to culture and religion.

Ultimately, these historical factors came together to shape the Indian Constitution’s vision, which aims to create an inclusive, democratic, secular society that upholds fundamental rights and advances social and economic justice for all of its members.