Increasing temperatures and irregular rainfall are significantly impacting agriculture in India, affecting crop yields, soil quality, and overall agricultural productivity.

Temperature Rise: Higher temperatures are leading to heat stress in crops, reducing yields, and impacting the growth cycle of major crops like wheat and rice. Heatwaves can cause crop failure, especially during critical growth periods, leading to reduced agricultural output and economic losses for farmers.

Irregular Rainfall: Unpredictable rainfall patterns, including delayed monsoons and heavy downpours, disrupt the sowing and harvesting seasons. Excessive rainfall can cause flooding, damaging crops and eroding fertile soil, while insufficient rainfall can lead to drought conditions, affecting water availability for irrigation and increasing dependency on groundwater.

Impact on Soil Quality: Increased temperatures and erratic rainfall contribute to soil degradation, reducing its fertility and structure. This can lead to lower crop yields and increased need for fertilizers, raising costs for farmers and affecting sustainability.

Pest and Disease Proliferation: Warmer temperatures and changing humidity levels favor the spread of pests and diseases, leading to increased pesticide use and higher costs for farmers, along with potential environmental consequences.

Food Security and Livelihoods: These climatic changes threaten food security by affecting the availability and price stability of staple crops, impacting the livelihoods of millions of farmers reliant on agriculture for income.