Major Achievement and Discoveries

1. Space Technology and Exploration:

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO):

ISRO has come up with tremendous progress in Space Technology. The achievements are; Mars Orbiter Mission ‘Mangalyaan’ successfully launched in 2014 where India achieved Mars against the first try.
They have also improved the studies in the Moon, as Chandrayaan-3 performed historical soft-landing on the Moon at south pole in 2023.
– Aryabhata Satellite (1975):
Aryabhata is a satellite made and designed in India on its own. Thanks to it the country got into the space age.

2. Information Technology (IT) and Software Development:
IT engineers from India have continued to lead the field in innovations worldwide where number one contributions are now realized in software development, cybersecurity and artificial intelligence.
– Sabeer Bhatia: Creator of Hot mail, the first web-based mass email service added on to the social advancement.
– Sundar Pichai: Alphabet Inc The chief executive officer [CEO] of Google and Alphabet, he has propelled the technology giant to growth by embracing new products such as Google Chrome, Android and Google Cloud.

3. Telecommunications:
Sam Pitroda: He is rightly hailed as the father of telecommunications revolution in India. He played an important role towards making the telecommunication sector in the Indian scenario liberalised and cheaper in the 1980s.

4. Medicine and Healthcare:
Dr. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan: Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2009) for his research in the structure and functions of the ribosomes which has partners major goals in medication.
-Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam: For the endeavors shown in the development of ballistic missile and space technology in India, this man was popularly called the “Missile Man of India”. His efforts included healthcare innovation: hands which were manufactured to be light, using materials from missiles.

5. Renewable Energy and Green Technology:
The advances in renewable energy technology have come to be promoted among Indian scientists with special efforts placed on solar and wind energies.
– Dr. C.N.R. Rao: A stalwart chemist who has developed nanotechnology and materials science applications that have major implications for the storage and efficiency of energy.

6. Agriculture and Biotechnology:
– Dr. M.S. Swaminathan: He is known as the father of India’s Green Revolution, and his contributions towards high-yielding crop varieties have improved food security not only for India but globally.
– Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw: Founder of Biocon, who has contributed a lot to biotechnology and affordable healthcare solutions.

7. Physics and Fundamental Research:
– Sir C.V. Raman: Nobel Prize in Physics (1930) for the discovery of the Raman Effect, which is used in spectroscopy.
– Homi Bhabha: He is referred to as the father of India’s nuclear programme, as he was instrumental in several nuclear scientific advancements and technology.

8. Automotive and Engineering Innovations:
Dr. Raghunath Mashelkar: He has worked on intellectual property rights and polymer science innovations.
Indian engineers have played an important role in moving the automobile industry forward from electric vehicles to green transport solutions.

Impact on Global Innovation:

-Artificial Intelligence (AI): Significant contributions toward AI research and applications in many sectors.
-Blockchain and Fintech: Indian engineers are increasingly instrumental in developing blockchain solutions that are secure and scalable.
-Pharmaceuticals: India’s pharmaceutical companies, Cipla and Dr. Reddy’s, top the list of the world’s cheapest generic medicines.