Developing artificial organs through tissue engineering presents several significant challenges. One major hurdle is replicating the complex structure and function of natural organs. Artificial organs must mimic not only the physical architecture but also the intricate cellular interactions and biochemical environments that sustain organ function. Another challenge is sourcing and integrating appropriate biomaterials that are biocompatible and capable of supporting cell growth and function. Ensuring these materials are both functional and safe over the long term is crucial. Additionally, vascularization—the development of blood vessels within the artificial organ—is a critical challenge, as it is essential for delivering nutrients and removing waste from the engineered tissue. Without effective vascular networks, the organ cannot sustain itself or function properly. Moreover, scaling up the production of artificial organs from laboratory settings to clinical use involves significant technical and regulatory hurdles. Ensuring consistency, safety, and effectiveness at a large scale remains a complex task. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration and advances in materials science, cellular biology, and bioengineering to create viable, functional artificial organs.