Lost your password? Please enter your email address. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email.
Please briefly explain why you feel this question should be reported.
Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported.
Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported.
Transgenic means the genes that have been altered or changed their basic characteristics in the germ line are termed as Transgenic. The animals that have been co-focused with transgenic genes are known as transgenic animals.
Lately, many domestic animals such as Transgenic cows, bulls, sheep, goats, hens, etc have been converted into Trangenic animals for maximum yield for human development as well as for eliminating any specific characteristics that are harmful to the animal.
The following steps are required to convert an animal into Transgenics-
a) Targeted gene extraction
b) Conversion of the genome into desired characteristics by incorporating transgenic genes into the inner cell mass (ICM) of the genome.
c) Embryo transfer into the targeted animal
d) Offspring testing
e) Demonstrating the transgenic gene in the animal.
Transgenic genes can be carried by the oocyte or sperm via various carriers. some of the most compatible carriers used in the fields are retroviruses or rotaviruses.
Applications-
a) Transgenics are used to eliminate the disease genes present in the targeted animal for an enhanced quality of life and their upcoming generations.
b) Produce disease-free, high-yielding, and excellent characteristics in the targeted animal.
For example- Molly, a transgenic sheep was incorporated with a high-yielding transgenic gene for more quality production of wool.
Transgenic animals are those animals whose genomes are modify or altered by transferring the genes from another animals species or breeds. It is also defined as the insertion of foreign gene into an genome. The most common method for producing transgenic animals is microinjection, which involves several steps. First, the DNA containing the transgene is identified and cloned into several copies. This DNA is then inserted into a host animal, such as a pig, cow, or sheep, which is stimulated to superovulate so that eggs can be collected.
The collected eggs are fertilized in vitro, and a fine needle is used to inject the DNA solution containing the transgene into the male pronucleus of a fertilized egg before it fuses with the female pronucleus. The transgenic embryos are allowed to grow in cell culture before being implanted into the uterus of a surrogate mother, where they will develop fully. The offspring are then tested to determine if they have inherited the transgene.
Microinjection has the disadvantage of a low success rate. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas9 technique has become a more widely used method for producing transgenic animals due to its higher efficiency.