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The UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) may ask a variety of questions related to health, sanitation, and nutrition, particularly in the General Studies papers and during the interview process. Here are some potential questions:
# Health
1. Current Health Issues: What are the major public health challenges facing India today?
2. Healthcare Systems: Compare and contrast the healthcare systems of India with those of other developed countries.
3. Policy and Programs: Discuss the impact of Ayushman Bharat Yojana on the Indian healthcare system.
4. Disease Control: How is the government addressing the issue of communicable and non-communicable diseases?
5. Healthcare Infrastructure: What are the key challenges in improving healthcare infrastructure in rural India?
6. Mental Health: How can India improve its mental health care services and reduce the stigma associated with mental illness?
7. Role of Technology: Discuss the role of telemedicine in improving healthcare access in remote areas.
# Sanitation
1. Sanitation Programs: Evaluate the effectiveness of the Swachh Bharat Mission.
2. Challenges: What are the main challenges in achieving universal sanitation coverage in India?
3. Behavioral Change: How important is behavioral change in improving sanitation practices, and how can it be achieved?
4. Waste Management: Discuss the challenges and solutions for solid waste management in urban India.
5. Role of NGOs: What role can NGOs and community-based organizations play in improving sanitation?
# Nutrition
1. Malnutrition: What are the main causes of malnutrition in India, and how can they be addressed?
2. Government Programs: Assess the impact of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme on child nutrition.
3.Food Security: How does the Public Distribution System (PDS) contribute to food security in India?
4.Dietary Practices: Discuss the importance of promoting balanced dietary practices in the Indian context.
5.Micronutrient Deficiency: What measures can be taken to combat micronutrient deficiencies in the population?
# General Integrated Questions
1. Interlinkages: How are health, sanitation, and nutrition interlinked, and what integrated strategies can be adopted to improve them collectively?
2. Policy Implementation: Discuss the challenges in implementing health, sanitation, and nutrition policies in India.
3. Case Studies: Provide examples of successful health, sanitation, or nutrition initiatives from other countries that India could emulate.
4. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): How is India progressing towards achieving the health, sanitation, and nutrition-related Sustainable Development Goals?
# Interview Questions
1. Personal Views: What is your opinion on the current state of health and sanitation in your district/state?
2. Practical Solutions: If you were in a position of authority, what measures would you prioritize to improve nutrition among children in rural areas?
3. Field Experience: Can you share any experience or observation from your field visits related to health, sanitation, or nutrition?
These questions can help in assessing a candidate’s understanding of the critical issues in health, sanitation, and nutrition, as well as their ability to think critically and propose practical solutions.
UPSC mains questions on health, nutrition, and sanitation can cover:
1. Healthcare Infrastructure: Evaluation of primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare facilities, and schemes like Ayushman Bharat.
2. Public Health Challenges: Issues like communicable and non-communicable diseases, maternal and child health, and mental health.
3. Nutrition: Problems like malnutrition, undernutrition, and obesity; government programs like POSHAN Abhiyaan; impact of nutrition on overall health.
4. Sanitation: Initiatives like Swachh Bharat Mission, access to clean water, hygiene practices, and their impact on health.
5. Policy and Governance: Analysis of National Health Policy, role of NITI Aayog, effectiveness of public health programs.
6. Technology in Health: Use of telemedicine, digital health records, and innovations in medical technology.
7. Global Health Issues: India’s role in global health initiatives, response to pandemics, and international collaborations.
8. Health Financing: Public expenditure on health, insurance schemes, and role of private sector.
9. Social Determinants of Health: Impact of poverty, education, and environment on health outcomes.