The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, enacted in 2019, introduced a 10% reservation for economically weaker sections (EWS) in education and public employment, marking a significant shift in India’s reservation policy. Earlier, reservations were aimed at addressing historical injustices and social disadvantages faced by Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Other Backward Classes (OBC). This amendment extends benefits based on economic criteria, regardless of caste. Its relevance lies in acknowledging economic hardship as a barrier to social mobility,  broadening the scope of social justice. The Supporters argue that it addresses the needs of economically disadvantaged groups who do not fall under existing reserved categories,  promoting inclusive growth. Critics says that this economic-based reservation may dilute the original intention of reservations, which is to rectify systemic social discrimination. Additionally, the 10% EWS quota raises questions about the practical implementation and potential overlap with existing quotas, which already account for 50% of seats. The amendment also risks perpetuating the reliance on quotas as a solution, rather than addressing structural inequalities through comprehensive socio-economic reforms. Thus,the 103rd Amendment aims to expand the ambit of social justice, its long-term impact on achieving genuine equity and inclusion remains to be critically evaluated.