Population Growth: India has a large and rising population, hence demanding food is ever increasing.

climate change:
-Extreme Weather Events: Downturns, floods, and heatwaves cause crop cycle interruptions, damage infrastructure, and lead to livestock losses.
-Shifting Weather Patterns: Crop yields and livestock productivity are affected by variations in rainfall pattern, temperature, and rising pest and disease rates.
-Land degradation and soil erosion: Improper agriculture, deforestation, and land overexploitation lead in soil erosion and decreased fertility.
-Poor irrigation methods together with low and erratic rainfall caused many regions to suffer water scarcity, therefore reducing crop output.

Furthermore, the unequal distribution of resources and markets worsens the food insecurity problem because poverty keeps a large share of people from getting high-quality food.
• Post-harvest Losses: Improper storage, transportation, and processing cause a great part of the food produced to be lost; therefore less food is ready for consumption.
How sustainable agriculture techniques help to address the obstacles
• Resilient to Climate Change:
Developing and cultivating plants that can withstand dry spells and maximize the available moisture would be called drought-tolerant crops.
Conservation Agriculture: No-till farming, cover cropping, and crop rotation enhance water retention and reduce erosion, therefore raising soil quality and making farms more drought- and flood-resistant.