Social reform movements in the twentieth century were different in terms of which method, scope and what these were linked to, freedom struggle in India.

1. More general focus and widespread mobilization
As opposed to 19th century movements like Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj and Prarthana Samaj which focused more on eradicating social evils like Sati to caste discrimination, women’s rights, 20th century movements were naturally connected to political awakening and mass mobilization. B.R..hasMore of Gandhi, consectegrator. Ambedkar and Periyar had also stressed on social and political freedom.

2. Inclusion of lower casts and females.
Protests in twentieth century included protests of Dalits, tribals and under privileged groups but upper caste elite members mostly headed the 19th century changes. This was the Dalit movement of Ambedkar, Periyar’s Self Respect Movement and Gandhi’s Harijan upliftment initiatives which all aimed at eradicating the evil of untouchability and denounce the neglected.

3. Connect to Nationalism
But the earlier reform organizations had been much more social, and had been closely connected with the fight for India’s independence as a 20th century organisation. Thus, the conversion into a popular movement of independence was effected by the combination of social reform with political agitation and women’s involvement in demonstrations and Gandhi’s Khadi campaign.

In essence,
This contrasts to those 19th century elite driven and reformist movements in which social reform and justice were a by-product of freedom to look the one more powerful, the 20th century social reform movements were politically driven and mass oriented that combined social justice with national freedom.