Drought is a natural shortfall of precipitation and water resources. Its impacts extend beyond water resources, affecting society, living conditions, and the environment. To manage water resources sustainably major measures are to reduce soil erosion by implementing soil conservation practices, augment soil moisture to enhance the soil’s water retention capability, and retard rainwater drainage to increase water availability. Additionally, these measures aim to improve water use efficiency in agriculture, ensuring sustainable water management and optimal use of resources. Methods of Water Harvesting:

• Local Rainwater Collection:
  • Utilizes village/community ponds and large manmade containers.
  • Involves diverting and storing water from local streams and springs.
  • Taps sub-surface water below river/stream beds.
• Artificial Recharge of Groundwater:
  • Extensively used in watershed development programs.
  • Involves recharging groundwater using techniques like dams, tanks, anicuts, and percolation tanks.
• Traditional Methods:
  • Focuses on ponds and tanks for continuous and reliable water access.
  • Low-cost, community-oriented, and environmentally friendly.

These methods are useful for groundwater recharge during deficient rainfall and flash floods, improving water availability by using techniques like dams, tanks, and percolation tanks. Promoting these methods helps mitigate drought impacts and ensures sustainable water resources.