Agroecology refers to the application of ecological principles to agricultural systems,focusing on sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. It encompasses a wide range of techniques that aim to enhance biodiversity, promote soil health, and reduce dependency on chemical inputs, Some important steps are mentioned below:

• Crop Diversification
• Agroforestry
• Cover cropping
• Conservation tillage
• Integrated pest management
• Organic farming
• Water management techniques

Crop diversification can be further classified as

Improved structural diversity:- helps in making crops within the field more structurally diverse which potentially help in pest suppression and Genetics diversification in monoculture leads to cultivation of mixture of varieties of same species in a monoculture which help in disease suppression, and increases the production stability.

Agroforestry has been proved nothing but a boon to us as it is used for several agroecological ways in terms of growing crops and trees together either in spatial or temporal diversity benefitting pest suppression and climate change buffering.

Mixed landscapes has also been a great potential for development of large scale diversified landscapes through mixture of crops and cropping system with multiple ecosystems.

Micro-watershed based diversification has helped in integration of crops with other farming components for years round income and employment generation, besides sustaing soil and environmental health.

These principles not only gives emphasis to the quality production of crops but also ensures that the pest management and ideation of microclimate is done in a most sustainable way.