Despite the introduction of the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020, India’s education system remains largely outdated and lacks liberalism. The NEP aims to bring transformative changes, such as promoting multidisciplinary education, vocational training, and critical thinking. However, the implementation faces significant challenges. Traditional rote learning methods and exam-centric approaches still dominate classrooms, stifling creativity and independent thought.

Furthermore, there is a persistent gap between policy and practice. Many schools and colleges lack the infrastructure and trained personnel to deliver the NEP’s vision. Inequities in access to quality education, particularly in rural and marginalized communities, continue to impede progress. Additionally, the rigid compartmentalization of science, commerce, and humanities streams in higher education restricts students’ intellectual growth and career flexibility.

Moreover, the pressure of high-stakes exams like NEET and JEE forces students into intense coaching cultures, often prioritizing memorization over understanding. The lack of emphasis on liberal arts and humanities education undermines the development of well-rounded individuals equipped to navigate a complex, globalized world.