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How can the Indian diaspora contribute to enhancing political and economic ties between India and African countries? (200 Words)
Model Answer Introduction The Indian diaspora in Africa, estimated at around 3 million people, plays a pivotal role in enhancing political and diplomatic ties between India and African nations. Members of the diaspora holding key governmental positions can help shape favorable policies, such as in MRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The Indian diaspora in Africa, estimated at around 3 million people, plays a pivotal role in enhancing political and diplomatic ties between India and African nations. Members of the diaspora holding key governmental positions can help shape favorable policies, such as in Mauritius, where approximately 70% of the population is of Indian origin, including the current Prime Minister, Pravind Jugnauth. Their influence can strengthen diplomatic relationships and ensure mutual support in international forums. Additionally, the diaspora can act as a bridge for strategic engagement in areas like renewable energy, security issues (e.g., terrorism and piracy in the Indian Ocean), and other global challenges affecting both regions.
Cultural and Soft Power Promotion
The Indian diaspora also contributes to India’s soft power in Africa by promoting Indian culture, arts, and traditions. Bollywood, for example, has a massive following in Africa, even beyond the Indian community. By promoting cultural exchanges and showcasing Indian art forms, the diaspora fosters deeper people-to-people ties, which helps in enhancing India’s image and influence on the continent.
Economic Engagement: Trade, Investment, and Tourism
The economic impact of the Indian diaspora is significant. The diaspora often acts as a catalyst for trade and investment, especially in countries like South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania, where India’s exports are particularly high. Moreover, successful businesspeople within the diaspora, such as the Atul Shah family who own the Nakumatt supermarket chain in East Africa, help Indian businesses navigate local markets and regulatory landscapes.
Furthermore, the diaspora can promote tourism between India and Africa, acting as informal ambassadors to encourage cultural exchanges and travel. Given Africa’s vast natural resources, such as 7.2% of the world’s oil reserves and 7.5% of its natural gas, the diaspora also plays a crucial role in building energy ties, helping India secure energy resources from the continent.
Conclusion
In summary, the Indian diaspora in Africa can significantly contribute to enhancing both political and economic engagement between India and African nations, by fostering cultural diplomacy, promoting trade, and leveraging networks for strategic cooperation. However, meaningful policy-level engagement is essential to fully realize the potential of this influential community.
See lessDiscuss the vital role played by India's diverse diaspora across the world in advancing the country's interests, with relevant examples. (Answer in 150 words)
Model Answer Introduction India's diverse diaspora, with around 32 million Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs), plays a crucial role in advancing the country’s interests globally. This vast community, spread across regions such as the Middle East, the United States, and ARead more
Model Answer
Introduction
India’s diverse diaspora, with around 32 million Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs), plays a crucial role in advancing the country’s interests globally. This vast community, spread across regions such as the Middle East, the United States, and Australia, is pivotal in several areas, including soft power, remittances, and knowledge exchange.
Soft Power: Promoting Indian Culture
The Indian diaspora serves as a cultural ambassador, promoting Indian culture, traditions, and values abroad. Festivals like Diwali are celebrated in countries like Singapore and Malaysia, highlighting Indian heritage and fostering goodwill. This cultural diplomacy strengthens India’s global image and builds cross-cultural understanding, enhancing its soft power globally.
Advocacy and Lobbying: Influencing Policy
The Indian diaspora plays a significant role in influencing policies that align with India’s strategic interests. For instance, the Indian-American community’s advocacy efforts were instrumental in the successful India-USA civil nuclear deal, showcasing the power of diaspora lobbying in shaping international relations. Such efforts help build strong ties with key policymakers, furthering India’s diplomatic goals.
Remittances: Boosting the Indian Economy
Remittances from the Indian diaspora are a major contributor to India’s economy. In 2023, inward remittances to India reached $125 billion, accounting for 3.4% of India’s GDP (World Bank). This economic support strengthens the country’s financial position and boosts development projects in various sectors.
Knowledge Transfer and Innovation
Highly skilled members of the Indian diaspora are essential in fostering collaboration between India and their host countries, particularly in sectors like technology, science, and business. Initiatives like Indian Professional Without Borders help transfer knowledge and promote innovation, driving India’s technological advancements and contributing to its global competitiveness.
Conclusion
India’s engagement with its diaspora has evolved from indifference to active collaboration, as seen through the initiatives following the Singhvi Commission’s recommendations. Leveraging the strengths of the diaspora while addressing challenges like brain drain and dual loyalties is key to advancing India’s global interests.
See lessIndian diaspora has an important role to play in South-East Asian countries’ economy and society. Appraise the role of Indian diaspora in South-East Asia in this context. (250 words) [UPSC 2017]
The Indian diaspora in Southeast Asia, one of the largest and most influential globally, plays a crucial role in the region's economy and society. Spread across countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, and others, the Indian diaspora has significantly contributed to the econRead more
The Indian diaspora in Southeast Asia, one of the largest and most influential globally, plays a crucial role in the region’s economy and society. Spread across countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, and others, the Indian diaspora has significantly contributed to the economic growth, cultural diversity, and diplomatic relations between India and Southeast Asian nations.
Economic Contributions:
Trade and Investment: The Indian diaspora has been instrumental in boosting trade and investment between India and Southeast Asia. Many diaspora members are successful entrepreneurs, industrialists, and professionals who have established businesses in sectors such as information technology, finance, and manufacturing. This has led to increased bilateral trade and investment, fostering economic ties.
Remittances: Indian workers in Southeast Asia, especially in countries like Singapore and Malaysia, contribute significantly to remittances sent back to India. These remittances play a vital role in supporting families in India and contribute to the Indian economy.
Skilled Workforce: In countries like Singapore, the Indian diaspora forms a significant part of the skilled workforce, particularly in sectors like IT, healthcare, and engineering. Their expertise has not only contributed to the economic development of these countries but has also enhanced India’s image as a source of skilled professionals.
Societal Contributions:
Cultural Exchange: The Indian diaspora has played a pivotal role in promoting Indian culture, traditions, and values in Southeast Asia. Festivals like Diwali, Holi, and Pongal are celebrated with great enthusiasm, fostering cultural exchange and understanding between Indian and local communities.
Social Integration: Over the years, the Indian diaspora has successfully integrated into the social fabric of Southeast Asian countries while maintaining their distinct cultural identity. This has contributed to the multicultural and pluralistic societies in the region.
Education and Philanthropy: Many Indian diaspora members have established educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and charitable organizations in Southeast Asia. These initiatives have provided access to quality education and healthcare, benefiting both Indian and local communities.
Diplomatic Bridge: The Indian diaspora serves as a bridge between India and Southeast Asia, strengthening diplomatic and cultural ties. Their influence and contributions have been acknowledged by both Indian and Southeast Asian governments, leading to enhanced cooperation in various fields.
Conclusion:
See lessThe Indian diaspora in Southeast Asia has played a vital role in shaping the region’s economy and society. Through their economic contributions, cultural exchanges, and social integration, they have not only enhanced India’s standing in the region but have also contributed to the development and prosperity of their host countries. Their role as a bridge between India and Southeast Asia continues to be crucial in fostering stronger bilateral relations and mutual understanding.
‘Indian diaspora has a decisive role to play in the politics and economy of America and European Countries’. Comment with examples. (150 words) [UPSC 2020]
The Indian diaspora has significantly influenced the politics and economy of America and European countries through their economic contributions, political engagement, and cultural impact. Economic Contributions: Indian expatriates are prominent in various sectors, including technology, medicine, anRead more
The Indian diaspora has significantly influenced the politics and economy of America and European countries through their economic contributions, political engagement, and cultural impact.
Economic Contributions: Indian expatriates are prominent in various sectors, including technology, medicine, and finance. In the United States, Indian professionals contribute significantly to Silicon Valley’s tech industry. For instance, Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, and Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, exemplify the high impact of Indian talent on the tech sector. In the UK, Indian businesses and entrepreneurs like Rishi Sunak, the British Chancellor of the Exchequer, have played crucial roles in shaping economic policies and contributing to economic growth.
Political Engagement: Indian-Americans have increasingly engaged in U.S. politics, with notable figures such as Kamala Harris, the Vice President of the United States, and Congresswoman Pramila Jayapal influencing policy decisions. Similarly, in Canada, Jagmeet Singh, leader of the New Democratic Party, reflects the growing political influence of the Indian diaspora.
Conclusion: The Indian diaspora’s substantial contributions to both the economy and politics of their host countries underscore their role as key players in shaping the future of America and Europe.
See lessIndian diaspora has scaled new heights in the West. Describe its economic and political benefits for India. (150 words)[UPSC 2023]
The Indian diaspora's achievements in the West have brought significant economic and political benefits to India: Economic Benefits: Remittances: Indian expatriates contribute substantial remittances, bolstering India's foreign exchange reserves and supporting economic stability. Investment: SuccessRead more
The Indian diaspora’s achievements in the West have brought significant economic and political benefits to India:
These contributions enhance India’s global stature and support its economic and diplomatic objectives.
See lessAnalyze the significance of the Indian diaspora's involvement in India's national security and defense capabilities, particularly in the areas of cybersecurity, intelligence, and military technology. Discuss the government's efforts to leverage the diaspora's expertise and resources for the country's strategic interests.
The Indian diaspora’s involvement in India’s national security and defense capabilities is increasingly significant, particularly in areas such as cybersecurity, intelligence, and military technology. Their contributions enhance India’s strategic interests and bolster its defense infrastructure. HerRead more
The Indian diaspora’s involvement in India’s national security and defense capabilities is increasingly significant, particularly in areas such as cybersecurity, intelligence, and military technology. Their contributions enhance India’s strategic interests and bolster its defense infrastructure. Here’s an analysis of their role and the government’s efforts to leverage diaspora expertise and resources:
1. Role of the Indian Diaspora:
See lessCybersecurity:
Expertise and Advisory: Many members of the Indian diaspora work in leading positions within global cybersecurity firms and institutions. They provide valuable insights and advisory services on cybersecurity threats, best practices, and cutting-edge technologies.
Investment in Cybersecurity Firms: Diaspora investors fund and partner with cybersecurity startups and established firms in India. This investment helps in developing advanced cybersecurity solutions tailored to protect critical infrastructure and national data.
Intelligence:
Data Analysis and Research: Diaspora professionals with expertise in data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence contribute to intelligence gathering and analysis. They help in developing sophisticated tools for monitoring and analyzing threats.
Training and Collaboration: Diaspora experts provide training and capacity-building programs for Indian intelligence agencies. They share knowledge on advanced techniques and technologies used in global intelligence operations.
Military Technology:
Technology Transfer and Innovation: The diaspora, especially those in defense and aerospace sectors, facilitate the transfer of advanced military technologies and innovations to India. This includes collaborations on research and development of new defense systems and equipment.
Investment in Defense Projects: Diaspora investors often fund defense-related research and development projects, contributing to the enhancement of India’s military capabilities and technology.
2. Government Efforts to Leverage Diaspora Expertise and Resources:
Policy and Framework:
National Security Strategy: The Indian government has developed a comprehensive national security strategy that recognizes the role of the diaspora in enhancing defense capabilities. This includes initiatives to integrate diaspora expertise into national security frameworks.
Cyber Security Policy: India’s National Cyber Security Policy outlines strategies to engage with international experts, including diaspora professionals, to strengthen cyber defenses and counter cyber threats.
Programs and Initiatives:
Defence Technology and Trade Initiative (DTTI): This initiative promotes collaboration between India and international partners, including those from the diaspora, on defense technology and trade. It facilitates the transfer of technology and joint development projects.
Indian Diaspora Engagement in Defence: Programs like the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) outreach and collaborations with diaspora scientists and engineers enhance research and development efforts in military technology.
Funding and Support:
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP): The Indian government encourages PPP models in defense and cybersecurity sectors. Diaspora investors and entrepreneurs can collaborate with Indian defense agencies and firms to develop and deploy advanced technologies.
Grants and Incentives: Government bodies offer grants, incentives, and support for diaspora-led projects that align with national security and defense objectives. This includes funding for research and development in cybersecurity and military technology.
Conclusion:
The involvement of the Indian diaspora in national security and defense significantly enhances India’s capabilities in cybersecurity, intelligence, and military technology. Their contributions provide access to advanced knowledge, innovative solutions, and investment opportunities that are crucial for strengthening India’s strategic interests. The Indian government has recognized this role and has established various frameworks and initiatives to harness the diaspora’s expertise and resources effectively. This collaborative approach helps India address emerging security challenges and maintain a robust defense posture.
Evaluate the role of the Indian diaspora in promoting sustainable and inclusive development in India, particularly in the areas of affordable housing, clean energy, and water management. Discuss the government's initiatives to facilitate the diaspora's involvement in these sectors.
The Indian diaspora has significantly contributed to sustainable and inclusive development in India, especially in affordable housing, clean energy, and water management. Their involvement often complements government efforts, leading to innovative solutions and increased impact in these critical arRead more
The Indian diaspora has significantly contributed to sustainable and inclusive development in India, especially in affordable housing, clean energy, and water management. Their involvement often complements government efforts, leading to innovative solutions and increased impact in these critical areas.
1. Role of the Indian Diaspora:
See lessAffordable Housing:
Investment and Development: Diaspora investors and real estate developers have funded affordable housing projects and participated in public-private partnerships to increase the availability of low-cost housing. These projects often focus on providing quality housing in urban and semi-urban areas.
Technology and Innovation: The diaspora introduces advanced construction technologies and materials that help in building cost-effective and durable housing solutions. For example, prefabricated and modular housing solutions can reduce construction costs and time.
Clean Energy:
Investment in Renewable Energy: Many diaspora members have invested in renewable energy projects such as solar and wind farms. These investments help in increasing the share of clean energy in India’s energy mix, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Technology Transfer and Expertise: The diaspora contributes by transferring cutting-edge clean energy technologies and best practices. They also support research and development in renewable energy technologies through funding and collaboration with Indian institutions.
Water Management:
Philanthropy and Funding: The diaspora has funded projects related to water conservation, such as rainwater harvesting systems, water purification plants, and irrigation infrastructure. These projects are particularly beneficial in water-scarce regions.
Expertise and Solutions: Diaspora experts in water management and environmental engineering provide technical assistance and innovative solutions to address water-related challenges in India. They often collaborate with NGOs and government agencies to implement effective water management strategies.
2. Government Initiatives to Facilitate Diaspora Involvement:
Policy and Framework:
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA): The MEA supports diaspora involvement in development projects through various programs and initiatives, providing a structured approach to engage with the diaspora community.
National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP): This initiative includes the participation of private investors, including those from the diaspora, in infrastructure projects such as affordable housing and clean energy.
Programs and Initiatives:
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): This government scheme aims to provide affordable housing for all. It encourages private sector participation, including investments from the diaspora, through incentives and support mechanisms.
Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL): India’s participation in global initiatives like SE4ALL facilitates diaspora investment in clean energy projects. The government provides policy support and financial incentives for renewable energy investments.
Clean Ganga Mission: The government’s efforts to clean and rejuvenate the Ganga River include encouraging diaspora contributions and partnerships to fund and implement water management and pollution control projects.
Funding and Grants:
Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR): The ICCR and other governmental bodies sometimes provide grants or support for diaspora-led projects that align with national priorities in affordable housing, clean energy, and water management.
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP): The Indian government promotes PPP models where diaspora investors and entrepreneurs can collaborate with Indian entities to develop sustainable solutions in these sectors.
Conclusion:
The Indian diaspora plays a crucial role in advancing sustainable and inclusive development in India. Their contributions in affordable housing, clean energy, and water management bring valuable resources, expertise, and innovative solutions. The Indian government has established various frameworks and initiatives to support and facilitate the diaspora’s involvement, ensuring that their contributions are effectively integrated into national development efforts. This collaboration helps address critical challenges and supports India’s progress towards sustainable development goals.
Examine the role of the Indian diaspora in promoting sustainable development and social entrepreneurship in India, particularly in the areas of rural development, healthcare, and education. Discuss the government's efforts to facilitate and support the diaspora's contributions in these sectors.
The Indian diaspora has played a significant role in promoting sustainable development and social entrepreneurship in India, especially in the sectors of rural development, healthcare, and education. Here’s a detailed examination of their contributions and the government's supportive efforts: 1. RolRead more
The Indian diaspora has played a significant role in promoting sustainable development and social entrepreneurship in India, especially in the sectors of rural development, healthcare, and education. Here’s a detailed examination of their contributions and the government’s supportive efforts:
1. Role of the Indian Diaspora:
See lessRural Development:
Investment and Infrastructure: Members of the Indian diaspora have invested in rural infrastructure projects such as roads, water supply, and sanitation facilities. They often partner with NGOs or local governments to implement these projects effectively.
Technology Transfer: Diaspora entrepreneurs bring innovative technologies and practices from abroad to improve agricultural productivity and rural livelihoods.
Healthcare:
Philanthropy and Funding: Many individuals and organizations within the diaspora have funded the construction of hospitals, clinics, and health centers in underserved areas. They also support health initiatives focusing on diseases prevalent in rural India.
Expertise and Training: Medical professionals from the diaspora provide training and workshops for local healthcare workers, enhancing the quality of medical services in rural and semi-urban areas.
Education:
Scholarships and Support: Diaspora members often establish scholarships and grants to support students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. They also fund the construction of schools and educational infrastructure.
Knowledge Sharing: Diaspora professionals contribute by sharing their expertise through mentorship programs, online courses, and curriculum development, thereby improving educational standards.
2. Government Efforts to Facilitate and Support Diaspora Contributions:
Policy and Framework:
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA): The MEA, through its various programs and schemes, actively engages with the diaspora to harness their expertise and resources for development projects in India.
Diaspora Engagement Policies: India has formulated policies to encourage the diaspora to contribute to the country’s development. This includes providing incentives for investments and facilitating ease of doing business.
Programs and Initiatives:
Digital India and Start-up India Initiatives: These initiatives aim to create a conducive environment for investment and entrepreneurship, including those from the diaspora. They offer support in terms of regulatory frameworks and financial incentives.
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD): An annual event that brings together members of the Indian diaspora to discuss and promote their contributions to India’s development. It serves as a platform for networking and collaboration.
Funding and Grants:
Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR): The ICCR and other government bodies sometimes offer grants and funding to diaspora-led projects that align with national development goals.
Public-Private Partnerships: The Indian government encourages public-private partnerships (PPP) where diaspora investors and entrepreneurs can collaborate with Indian entities on development projects.
Conclusion:
The Indian diaspora’s contributions to rural development, healthcare, and education in India have been transformative, bringing in much-needed resources, expertise, and innovation. The Indian government has recognized the value of these contributions and has established frameworks and programs to facilitate and enhance diaspora involvement in the country’s development. This collaborative effort is crucial for addressing challenges and fostering sustainable growth in India.
Assess the impact of the Indian diaspora's involvement in India's digital transformation, particularly in the areas of e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Discuss the government's initiatives to leverage the diaspora's expertise and resources for the country's digital development.
The Indian diaspora has made significant contributions to India's digital transformation, particularly in the realms of e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Their involvement has had a profound impact, bringing in expertise, investment, and innovative solutions. Here's an assessment ofRead more
The Indian diaspora has made significant contributions to India’s digital transformation, particularly in the realms of e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Their involvement has had a profound impact, bringing in expertise, investment, and innovative solutions. Here’s an assessment of this impact and the government’s initiatives to leverage diaspora resources:
Impact of the Indian Diaspora on Digital Transformation
See less1. E-Governance
Expertise and Innovation: Diaspora professionals with expertise in technology and e-governance have played a critical role in shaping India’s digital governance initiatives. They have contributed to the development of platforms and systems that enhance transparency, efficiency, and citizen engagement in governance.
Best Practices: The diaspora has introduced global best practices in e-governance, helping to design and implement systems that improve service delivery and public administration.
2. Fintech
Investment and Funding: Indian diaspora investors have been instrumental in funding fintech start-ups in India. Their investments have helped propel the growth of digital payment solutions, lending platforms, and blockchain technologies.
Global Networks: The diaspora’s international networks have facilitated partnerships and collaborations with global fintech players, enhancing India’s integration into the global financial ecosystem.
3. Digital Infrastructure
Technological Advancements: Diaspora technology experts have contributed to building and enhancing digital infrastructure, including data centers, cloud services, and telecommunications networks. Their knowledge has helped India develop robust and scalable digital infrastructure.
Innovation and Development: They have been involved in designing innovative solutions for digital connectivity and infrastructure, including rural and underserved areas.
Government Initiatives to Leverage Diaspora Expertise
1. Policy and Programs
Digital India: Launched in 2015, the Digital India program aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. The government actively seeks diaspora involvement in this initiative through investments and expertise.
Startup India and Make in India: These initiatives encourage investment in technology and digital infrastructure, often engaging diaspora entrepreneurs and investors to contribute to the digital landscape.
2. Engagement and Collaboration
Indian Diaspora Engagement: The government has established platforms and forums to engage with the diaspora. These include conferences and events where diaspora experts and entrepreneurs can collaborate on digital projects.
Global Indian Network: Programs like the Global Indian Network facilitate connections between diaspora professionals and Indian technology firms, fostering collaboration on digital projects.
3. Investment Incentives
Tax Benefits and Grants: The Indian government offers tax incentives and grants for investments in digital infrastructure and technology. These benefits are designed to attract diaspora investors and encourage them to support India’s digital transformation.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs): SEZs provide favorable conditions for tech and infrastructure investments, attracting diaspora funding for digital projects.
4. Skill Development and Knowledge Transfer
Training Programs: The government supports skill development programs in collaboration with diaspora experts. These programs aim to enhance local talent in areas such as software development, data science, and cybersecurity.
Advisory Roles: Diaspora professionals are often invited to serve in advisory roles, providing strategic input on digital policy, governance, and infrastructure development.
5. Collaborative Projects
Public-Private Partnerships: The government promotes partnerships between Indian and diaspora companies to undertake large-scale digital infrastructure projects. These collaborations leverage diaspora expertise to drive innovation and implementation.
Technology Hubs and Incubators: The establishment of technology hubs and incubators in collaboration with diaspora investors and entrepreneurs supports the growth of digital start-ups and infrastructure.
Conclusion
The Indian diaspora has had a transformative impact on India’s digital landscape, significantly contributing to e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Their involvement has brought in valuable expertise, investment, and global perspectives. The Indian government’s initiatives to leverage diaspora resources—through policies, engagement programs, incentives, and collaborative projects—have been crucial in fostering an environment conducive to digital growth and innovation. By harnessing the skills and resources of the diaspora, India continues to advance its digital transformation goals, improving governance, financial services, and infrastructure.
Analyze the role of the Indian diaspora in promoting entrepreneurship, innovation, and start-up ecosystem in India. Discuss the government's efforts to attract diaspora investments and expertise to foster an enabling environment for businesses.
The Indian diaspora significantly promotes entrepreneurship, innovation, and the start-up ecosystem in India. Their contributions are multifaceted, encompassing financial investments, knowledge transfer, mentorship, and network-building. Here’s a detailed analysis: Role of the Indian Diaspora FinancRead more
The Indian diaspora significantly promotes entrepreneurship, innovation, and the start-up ecosystem in India. Their contributions are multifaceted, encompassing financial investments, knowledge transfer, mentorship, and network-building. Here’s a detailed analysis:
Role of the Indian Diaspora
Government Efforts to Attract Diaspora Investments and Expertise
Conclusion
The Indian diaspora’s contribution to entrepreneurship and innovation in India is substantial. Their investments, knowledge, and mentorship have significantly enhanced the start-up ecosystem. The Indian government’s efforts to attract diaspora investment and expertise through various initiatives and policies further bolster this impact. By creating a favorable environment for diaspora participation, India can leverage global talent and capital, driving its start-up ecosystem to new heights.
See less