Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Define the role of EIA studies in project clearance. State the thesis: Coal-fired thermal plants at coal pitheads have significant environmental impacts that necessitate thorough EIA studies. 2. Body A. Air Pollution Impact of Emissions: Discuss the pollutants emitted by ...
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) : The Environmental Impact Assessment commenced in 1960s. The main aim of EIA is to conserve environment. EIA assess the anticipated environmental effects of a proposed project. They also act as tool for environmental management forming a part of project approvaRead more
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) :
The Environmental Impact Assessment commenced in 1960s. The main aim of EIA is to conserve environment. EIA assess the anticipated environmental effects of a proposed project. They also act as tool for environmental management forming a part of project approval and decision making
Objectives of Environmental Impact Assessment:
- Identification, prediction and evaluation of economic, social and environmental impacts of development activities
- Provides information related to the consequences of decision making.
- Provide environmental friendly and suitable development by identifying appropriate alternatives and mitigation measures.
Different stages involved in EIA process:
- Screening: Need of full or partial study of the project is decided in this process. The project is screened for location, investment and type of development.
- Scoping: EIA boundaries are established. The basic data to be analyzed for the project is decided. The potential impacts of the project are monitored. Scoping is used to identify alternative solution to avoid, mitigate adverse impact on environment
- Assessment and development of alternative: Analyze the environmental impact of the proposed project and provide detailed information on alternatives.
- Reporting to EIA: Submitting the EIA report, including environmental management plan and detailed non- technical summary for general audience.
- Decision making: On whether to approve or reject the project by providing proper reason
- Monitoring and auditing: Ensuring the priorities and mitigation measures mentioned in EMP are properly implemented and monitor whether the potential impact are effectively addressed.
Model Answer Introduction Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies are essential for evaluating the potential environmental impacts of proposed projects, including coal-fired thermal plants located at coal pitheads. These assessments are crucial for identifying and mitigating the significant enRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies are essential for evaluating the potential environmental impacts of proposed projects, including coal-fired thermal plants located at coal pitheads. These assessments are crucial for identifying and mitigating the significant environmental impacts associated with such facilities.
Environmental Impacts
Air Pollution
Coal-fired thermal plants are major contributors to air pollution in India. They emit substantial quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which lead to the formation of smog, acid rain, and various respiratory illnesses. In 2022, CO2 emissions from burning coal accounted for about 55% of total CO2 emissions from the electric power sector in the U.S., highlighting the global relevance of this issue.
Water Pollution
These plants require large volumes of water for cooling, resulting in the discharge of heated water into nearby water bodies. This thermal pollution can adversely affect aquatic ecosystems and degrade water quality. Additionally, the discharge of fly ash and other pollutants can contaminate rivers and lakes, posing risks to both aquatic life and human health.
Soil Contamination
Coal ash, a byproduct of coal combustion, contains heavy metals such as arsenic, mercury, and lead. These contaminants can leach into the soil and groundwater, posing serious health risks to humans, animals, and plants, and disrupting local ecosystems. For instance, the proposed 1320 MW Khurja Super Thermal Power Plant in Uttar Pradesh has raised concerns regarding its potential environmental impact, prompting EIA studies to assess its effects on the environment and local communities.
Conclusion
Coal-fired thermal plants at coal pitheads have profound environmental impacts, including air and water pollution and soil contamination. EIA studies are vital for identifying these impacts and developing effective mitigation strategies. It is imperative that these assessments are conducted independently and that mitigation measures are strictly enforced to minimize adverse environmental effects.
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