Sustainable agriculture is the responsible and profitable production of food and fibre in ways that benefit the natural environment, sustaining people’s health and the health of communities. Some of the most effective approaches include:

Organic Farming

Focus: Organic style with no synthetic chemical pesticide, fertilizer, or GMO.
Benefits: Promotes better soil structure, minimizes pollution of water, and enhances the number and variety of organisms which can live in soil.
Challenges: Some requires more labour and at times knowledge and skills that can only be provided by experts.
Precision Agriculture

-Focus: Leverages technology in tracking productivity; through GPS, sensors, and drones in the utilization of resources.
-Benefits: Reduce losses, reduce potential harm to the environment, and improve the returns obtained.
-Challenges: This calls for massive investment in technology and expertize
Regenerative Farming

-Focus: Rebuilds the soil structure, structure, and production capacity of native species.
Benefits: The gain of soil moisture and reduction of soil erodibility without the loss of carbon stock.
-Challenges: It is observed to transfer from conventional agrarian applies.
Other Sustainable measures

Crop rotation: Reduces the use of pesticides and increases the utilization of fertilizer as fertility.
-Cover cropping: Reduced soil erosion rate while enhancing the proportion of soil organic matter, and weed disrupting minimal.
-Integrated pest management (IPM): Applying interrelated strategies, cultural, physical, and biological and chemical control methods with little or no utilization of synthetic pesticides.
-Agroforestry: The management of trees and shrubs within crop and livestock.
-Conservation tillage: Minimises compaction of the soil and costs associated with erosion, water infiltration and runoff as well as soil temperatures.
-Water conservation: Irrigation water management efficiency and Rainwater harvesting.
Organic waste composting: Biodegradable wastes are converted to useful manures.