Mars, A planet that have the potential to become a backup for the sustainability and survival of the mankind due to its several reasons. But reaching there will not be that easy for humankind as it will offer challenges beyond ...
India has made significant achievements in space research, primarily through its space agency, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Here are some of the key accomplishments: Aryabhata (1975): India’s first satellite, Aryabhata, was launched, marking the country's entry into space. ChandrayRead more
India has made significant achievements in space research, primarily through its space agency, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Here are some of the key accomplishments:
Aryabhata (1975): India’s first satellite, Aryabhata, was launched, marking the country’s entry into space.
Chandrayaan-1 (2008): India’s first lunar mission. It confirmed the presence of water molecules on the Moon’s surface, a significant scientific discovery.
Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission, 2013): India became the first country to successfully reach Mars on its first attempt. The mission was also one of the most cost-effective, at about $74 million.
PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle): Known for its reliability, the PSLV has launched numerous satellites, including missions for other countries. A significant milestone was in February 2017, when PSLV-C37 launched 104 satellites in a single mission, a world record.
Gaganyaan (Upcoming): India is preparing for its first manned space mission, aiming to send Indian astronauts into space.
Chandrayaan-2 (2019): This mission aimed to explore the Moon’s south polar region. Although the lander failed to soft-land, the orbiter continues to send valuable scientific data.
Astrosat (2015): India’s first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory, which has provided valuable data on cosmic phenomena.
NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation): An autonomous satellite navigation system developed by ISRO, intended to provide accurate position information to users in India and the surrounding region.
Commercial Launch Services: ISRO has become a key player in the global satellite launch market, offering cost-effective launch services to other countries.
Space Science Research: ISRO has conducted various scientific missions, such as the Mars Orbiter Mission, and has contributed to the understanding of space and planetary science.
India’s achievements in space research have not only showcased its technological capabilities but also its ability to undertake complex and cost-effective space missions.
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Mars' climate is a tale of two planets. Evidence suggests a warm and wet early Mars. A thicker atmosphere, likely rich in carbon dioxide, trapped heat and allowed liquid water to flow, carving river valleys and potentially vast oceans. This era may have been fueled by volcanic eruptions or a strongeRead more
Mars’ climate is a tale of two planets. Evidence suggests a warm and wet early Mars. A thicker atmosphere, likely rich in carbon dioxide, trapped heat and allowed liquid water to flow, carving river valleys and potentially vast oceans. This era may have been fueled by volcanic eruptions or a stronger sun.
Over billions of years, Mars lost its magnetic field, leaving it vulnerable to solar wind stripping away the atmosphere. The planet turned frigid and dry, with remaining water locked as ice caps or underground. The thin atmosphere now allows dramatic temperature swings and dust storms.
The sculpted surface reflects this history. Cratered plains hint at heavy bombardment early on. Dried-up riverbeds and lakebeds are ghostly reminders of a watery past. Volcanic giants like Olympus Mons tower over the landscape, a testament to past activity that may have influenced Mars’ climate.
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