Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad can be analyzed through postcolonial criticism, which examines how literature depicts colonialism and its aftermath. Conrad’s portrayal of Africa and its inhabitants often reinforces colonial ideologies prevalent during his time. The novella characterizes Africa as a mysterious and savage land, depicting native Africans as primitive and lacking agency. This portrayal serves to justify European imperialism as a civilizing mission.

However, Conrad also subtly challenges colonial ideologies through the character of Kurtz, who embodies the extreme consequences of colonial exploitation. Kurtz’s descent into madness and his exploitation of the local people highlight the moral degradation and hypocrisy inherent in colonialism. Moreover, Conrad’s narrative technique, with its layers of storytelling and ambiguous moral stance, invites readers to question colonial assumptions and the supposed superiority of European civilization.

Overall, Heart of Darkness presents a nuanced critique of colonialism. While initially reinforcing some stereotypes, Conrad ultimately critiques the destructive impact of imperialism and prompts readers to reflect on broader implications of colonial ideologies.