Answer the question in maximum 15 to 20 words. This question carries 03 marks.[MPPSC 2023] List any three communicable diseases in alphabetical order.
Parts of Ashtanga Yoga Ashtanga Yoga, as outlined by the ancient sage Patanjali in his seminal work, the Yoga Sutras, is a classical system of yoga that consists of eight interconnected limbs or practices. These parts are designed to guide practitioners towards spiritual enlightenment and self-realiRead more
Parts of Ashtanga Yoga
Ashtanga Yoga, as outlined by the ancient sage Patanjali in his seminal work, the Yoga Sutras, is a classical system of yoga that consists of eight interconnected limbs or practices. These parts are designed to guide practitioners towards spiritual enlightenment and self-realization. Here is a detailed breakdown of the eight limbs of Ashtanga Yoga:
1. Yama (Ethical Disciplines)
- Description:
- Yamas are moral and ethical guidelines for living a virtuous life. They include principles such as non-violence, truthfulness, and non-stealing.
- Recent Example:
- In modern times, practices like ahimsa (non-violence) are emphasized in various wellness programs and are reflected in movements promoting ethical treatment of animals and non-violence in personal interactions.
2. Niyama (Personal Observances)
- Description:
- Niyamas are personal disciplines and practices, including cleanliness, contentment, self-discipline, self-study, and surrender to a higher power.
- Recent Example:
- The practice of santosha (contentment) is increasingly being integrated into mental health and well-being practices, encouraging individuals to find contentment and balance in their daily lives amidst modern stresses.
3. Asana (Physical Postures)
- Description:
- Asanas are physical postures designed to prepare the body for meditation and promote physical health and stability.
- Recent Example:
- Yoga studios worldwide incorporate a variety of asana practices. For instance, Hatha Yoga classes focus on physical postures to improve flexibility and strength, contributing to overall physical wellness.
4. Pranayama (Breath Control)
- Description:
- Pranayama involves techniques for controlling and regulating the breath, which is believed to influence the flow of prana (life energy) in the body.
- Recent Example:
- Techniques such as Nadi Shodhana (alternate nostril breathing) and Kapalabhati (skull shining breath) are commonly taught in modern yoga workshops to manage stress and improve respiratory health.
5. Pratyahara (Withdrawal of Senses)
- Description:
- Pratyahara is the practice of withdrawing the senses from external stimuli to focus inwardly and prepare for deeper meditation.
- Recent Example:
- Mindfulness practices, such as meditation retreats, often include elements of pratyahara, where participants disconnect from digital devices and external distractions to enhance self-awareness.
6. Dharana (Concentration)
- Description:
- Dharana involves focusing the mind on a single point or object to develop mental clarity and concentration.
- Recent Example:
- Techniques like focused attention meditation are used in various cognitive behavioral therapies and corporate wellness programs to enhance concentration and productivity.
7. Dhyana (Meditation)
- Description:
- Dhyana is the practice of uninterrupted meditation, where the mind is fully absorbed in the object of meditation.
- Recent Example:
- Many modern wellness and stress management programs, such as guided meditation apps like Calm and Headspace, emphasize sustained meditation practices to improve mental health and emotional well-being.
8. Samadhi (Self-Realization or Enlightenment)
- Description:
- Samadhi represents the ultimate goal of yoga, a state of profound inner peace, self-realization, and union with the divine.
- Recent Example:
- In contemporary contexts, practices like Vipassana meditation retreats aim to help individuals achieve a state of deep insight and inner peace, aligning with the concept of samadhi.
Conclusion
The eight limbs of Ashtanga Yoga provide a comprehensive framework for physical, mental, and spiritual development. By integrating these practices, individuals can work towards a balanced and enlightened life, benefiting both personal well-being and broader societal harmony.
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Communicable disease Communicable diseases are diseases that can spread from one person to another. They can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa. Communicable diseases can spread in many ways, including: Contact with blood or bodily fluids, Breathing in an airborne virus, Being bittenRead more
Communicable disease
Communicable diseases are diseases that can spread from one person to another. They can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa.
Communicable diseases can spread in many ways, including: Contact with blood or bodily fluids, Breathing in an airborne virus, Being bitten by an insect, Physical contact with an infected person, and Contact with a contaminated surface or object.
Example
HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis (TB), Malaria, Viral hepatitis, Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), COVID-19, Ebola, Influenza, Measles, and Salmonella
Viruses
They are the tiny pathogens that contain a genetic material
To replicate, they must enter the cells of other living beings. Once inside, they use the cellтАЩs machinery to make copies of themselves.
Bacteria
They are microscopic single cell organism
exists inalmost every enviroment on Earth.
Many bacteria are harmless, and some help the body to function. However, bacteria can also cause infections that damage the body.
Fungi
They are type of organism that include yeast molds and mushrooms.
Our mostly on skins and mucus membrane
Disease
Rhinoviruses
Rhinoviruses are a group of viruses that are the most common cause of the common cold.
a stuffy or runny nose
sore throat
headache
A person can catch a rhinovirus by inhaling contaminated droplets from the cough or sneeze of another person.
Coronaviruses
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that affect the respiratory systemTrusted Source. This family includes the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Some coronaviruses can cause common cold and flu symptoms, while others can cause more severe outcomes.
Influenza
Influenza viruses are infections that attack the respiratory system. Some potential symptomsTrusted Source include:
fever or chills
stuffy or runny nose
sore throat
cough
headaches
muscle or body aches
fatigue
A person can catch influenza viruses in the same way they may catch rhinoviruses.
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