Marxist literary criticism interprets the relationship between literature and society through the lens of class struggle, economic disparity, and the socio-economic forces that shape both. In George Orwell’s “1984,” these themes are evident in the rigid class structure and the pervasive control exerted by the Party. The society depicted is divided between the ruling Party and the oppressed proles. The Party, especially the Inner Party, represents the bourgeoisie, controlling resources, information, and power, while the proles are kept in ignorance and poverty, rendering them powerless. Economic disparity is a central theme, with the proles living in deprivation and the Inner Party enjoying luxuries, highlighting the unequal distribution of wealth and resources. This disparity underscores the Marxist critique of capitalism, where the ruling class thrives at the expense of the working masses. The Party’s manipulation of language and truth through doublethink and Newspeak, along with the use of surveillance and ideological control, reflects Marxist ideas about how ruling classes maintain dominance. Winston’s failed rebellion and the Party’s control over supposed revolutionary groups illustrate the difficulties of overthrowing entrenched power structures. Through a Marxist lens, “1984” critiques totalitarianism and explores power, control, and resistance within a stratified society.