The western Ghats in india have a crucial role in shaping the climate of the region. The western Ghats act as a key barrier, intercepting the rain-laden monsoon winds that sweep in from the south-west during late summer. These western Ghats play a significant role in influencing the climate of the region. These mountains intercept the southwest monsoon winds, causing them to release heavy rainfall on the windward side. This results in significant rainfall in the coastal areas and the western slopes of the western Ghats, which is responsible for affecting the overall climate pattern in india. It is a significant characteristic of the Western Ghats is the exceptionally high level of biological diversity and endemism.

The western Ghats are recognized as biodiversity hotspot due to their diverse ecosystems and unique habitats. This mountain chain is recognized as one of the world’s eight “hottest hotspots” of biological diversity along with Sri Lanka. The forest of the Western Ghats include some of the best representatives of non equatorial tropical evergreen forests in the world. The region’s varied topography, ranging from low-lying coastal areas to high mountain peaks, supports a wide array of plant and animal species. The high levels of rainfall in the Western Ghats nurture dense forests and rich vegetation, creating ideal conditions for diverse flora and fauna to thrive.

The Western Ghats also responsible to serve as critical water source for major rivers in south india, sustaining agriculture and biodiversity in the surrounding areas. The combination of unique geographical features, rich biodiversity and vital water resources makes the Western Ghats a hotspot for conservation efforts and scientific research aimed at preserving its ecological richness.