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Home/english literature

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Kanudha
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KanudhaBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
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csatenglish literaturegeneral studiesliterary criticismmarxist literary criticismupsc aspirantupsc mainsupsc optional
  1. Faizaan Ali
    Faizaan Ali Begginer

    Marxist literary criticism interprets the relationship between literature and society through the lens of class struggle, economic disparity, and the socio-economic forces that shape both. In George Orwell's "1984," these themes are evident in the rigid class structure and the pervasive control exerRead more

    Marxist literary criticism interprets the relationship between literature and society through the lens of class struggle, economic disparity, and the socio-economic forces that shape both. In George Orwell’s “1984,” these themes are evident in the rigid class structure and the pervasive control exerted by the Party. The society depicted is divided between the ruling Party and the oppressed proles. The Party, especially the Inner Party, represents the bourgeoisie, controlling resources, information, and power, while the proles are kept in ignorance and poverty, rendering them powerless. Economic disparity is a central theme, with the proles living in deprivation and the Inner Party enjoying luxuries, highlighting the unequal distribution of wealth and resources. This disparity underscores the Marxist critique of capitalism, where the ruling class thrives at the expense of the working masses. The Party’s manipulation of language and truth through doublethink and Newspeak, along with the use of surveillance and ideological control, reflects Marxist ideas about how ruling classes maintain dominance. Winston’s failed rebellion and the Party’s control over supposed revolutionary groups illustrate the difficulties of overthrowing entrenched power structures. Through a Marxist lens, “1984” critiques totalitarianism and explores power, control, and resistance within a stratified society.

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geminish
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geminishBegginer
Asked: July 24, 2024In:
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charlotte bronteclassicenglish literaturejane eyreliterature
  1. Greeva Patel
    Greeva Patel Begginer

    In "Jane Eyre," Charlotte Brontë intricately explores themes of social class and gender inequality, profoundly influencing the protagonist's development and relationships. Jane Eyre, an orphan of low social status, faces constant discrimination and hardship due to her class and gender. Her struggleRead more

    In “Jane Eyre,” Charlotte Brontë intricately explores themes of social class and gender inequality, profoundly influencing the protagonist’s development and relationships. Jane Eyre, an orphan of low social status, faces constant discrimination and hardship due to her class and gender. Her struggle for self-respect and independence in a rigid, patriarchal society forms the core of her journey.

    Social Class: Jane’s low social standing subjects her to maltreatment from characters like her Aunt Reed and the wealthy students at Lowood School. Despite her intelligence and moral fortitude, her class limits her opportunities, compelling her to work as a governess—a position that isolates her between the servant class and the gentry. Her relationship with Mr. Rochester highlights these class tensions, as she navigates the power imbalance between them. Jane’s insistence on maintaining her dignity and moral principles, despite her love for Rochester, underscores her resistance to being subjugated by class norms.

    Gender Inequality: The novel also critiques gender roles and the limited options available to women. Jane’s desire for equality and self-expression challenges the expectations of women in her time. Her interactions with strong female characters like Helen Burns and Miss Temple influence her belief in moral integrity and intellectual equality. Moreover, her rejection of St. John Rivers’ proposal, which demands her submission to his rigid expectations, further emphasizes her quest for autonomy.

    Through Jane’s experiences, Brontë advocates for a society where one’s worth is determined by character and intellect rather than social class or gender, ultimately portraying Jane’s development as a testament to personal strength and resilience against societal constraints.

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Kanudha
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KanudhaBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
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Answer in 190 words only. It shouldn’t miss anything important. I know it’s a bit tricky, but it’ll help you in the examination room.

english literatureliterary criticismpoetic theoryt.s. eliotupsc aspirantupsc mainsupsc optional
  1. Saptaparna Ghosh
    Saptaparna Ghosh Begginer

    T.S Eliot in his essay "Tradition and Individual Talent", explains how tradition is not static, but is dynamic. Every new work, engages with the vast tradition of literary works written before and hence, alters it. Eliot puts emphasis on historical consciousness of poets, which means that a buddingRead more

    T.S Eliot in his essay “Tradition and Individual Talent”, explains how tradition is not static, but is dynamic. Every new work, engages with the vast tradition of literary works written before and hence, alters it. Eliot puts emphasis on historical consciousness of poets, which means that a budding poet must interact and be aware of the rich literary tradition of his past, so write something new and interesting. According to him, individual talent cannot exist on its own. It necessarily draws from tradition and hence changes it by entering the literary canon. In this essay, he also gave the concept of impersonal theory of poetry, which essentially means that a poet’s personal emotions and passions should be distanced while writing a work of art. There must be a continuous surrender of the “personal self” to write better poetry.
    He employed the same theory in his practice of poetry as well. If one examines his classic poem “The Wasteland”, they are bound to find fragments of various literary works and tradition. For instance, it has references from Shakespeare, ancient Greek literary texts as well as Indian scriptures like Upanishads. It has the words, “Datta. Dayadhvam. Damyata.,” which are directly taken from the Upanishads.

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geminish
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geminishBegginer
Asked: July 16, 2024In:
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agatha christieenglish literatureliterature
  1. Muskan Negi
    Muskan Negi Begginer

    Agatha Christie’s use of the confined space on the Orient Express in “Murder on the Orient Express” is key to both suspense and character growth resulting in a tight thriller. Suspense: - The small space creates a sense of hopelessness, and as people are trapped with a killer, the tension ratchets uRead more

    Agatha Christie’s use of the confined space on the Orient Express in “Murder on the Orient Express” is key to both suspense and character growth resulting in a tight thriller. Suspense: – The small space creates a sense of hopelessness, and as people are trapped with a killer, the tension ratchets up. – Few ways to escape and no help from outside makes everyone feel more vulnerable. – Christie times her reveals and plot twists just right so you’re on the edge of your seat as you move through the narrow corridors and compartments. Character Development: – The small space forces characters to interact and show their true selves through conversations, actions and connections. – Christie uses the setting to reveal characters’ backstories, motivations and hidden truths making them more real and relatable. – The Orient Express becomes a pressure cooker and exposes character flaws and strengths and in the end the killer. By using the small space of the Orient Express, Christie creates a thriller that gets into people’s heads, relationships and the darker side of human nature and keeps you hooked until the very end.

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Kanudha
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KanudhaBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
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english literaturepetals of bloodpostcolonial literatureupsc aspirantupsc mainsupsc optional
  1. Jaza Humayun
    Jaza Humayun Begginer

    Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Petals of Blood are pivotal works in African literature, exploring the complexities of cultural identity amidst colonial and post-colonial challenges. Things Fall Apart delves into pre-colonial Igbo society and the impacts of European colonizRead more

    Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Petals of Blood are pivotal works in African literature, exploring the complexities of cultural identity amidst colonial and post-colonial challenges.

    Things Fall Apart delves into pre-colonial Igbo society and the impacts of European colonization. The protagonist, Okonkwo, embodies the struggle between tradition and change. As European influences disrupt Igbo culture, Okonkwo’s resistance highlights the broader impact of colonialism on African societies.

    Petals of Blood portrays cultural identity as evolving, shaped by colonialism and post-colonial disillusionment. Through characters like Munira, Karega, Wanja, and Abdulla, Ngugi explores the clash between traditional African values and modernization. The transformation of Ilmorog from a rural village to a commercial town symbolizes the erosion of indigenous cultures. Ngugi underscores the importance of cultural heritage and collective identity as sources of resistance against neocolonial forces, advocating for a return to communal values and indigenous knowledge.

    Both novels illustrate the enduring significance of cultural identity in the face of external pressures, emphasizing the resilience and complexity of African societies.

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Kanudha
  • 1
KanudhaBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
  • 1

Answer this in 250 words.

csatenglish literaturejames joycemains specialnarrative techniquesupsc aspirantupsc expertupsc mainsupsc optionalvirginia
  1. Avinash Gorthi
    Avinash Gorthi Begginer
    Compare the narrative techniques employed by James Joyce in "Ulysses" with those used by Virginia Woolf in "Mrs Dalloway". How do these techniques contribute to the portrayal of modernist themes?

    James Joyce's "Ulysses" and Virginia Woolf's "Mrs Dalloway" exemplify modernist narrative techniques, each contributing uniquely to the portrayal of modernist themes like the complexity of consciousness and reality's fragmentation. Narrative Techniques in "Ulysses" Joyce's "Ulysses" is known for itsRead more

    James Joyce’s “Ulysses” and Virginia Woolf’s “Mrs Dalloway” exemplify modernist narrative techniques, each contributing uniquely to the portrayal of modernist themes like the complexity of consciousness and reality’s fragmentation.

    Narrative Techniques in “Ulysses”

    Joyce’s “Ulysses” is known for its stream-of-consciousness technique, which delves into the characters’ minds and presenting a realistic portrayal of consciousness. Joyce’s interior monologue creates an intimate connection, while multiple narrative styles and parodies emphasize modern life’s fragmented nature, underscoring subjective reality.

    Narrative Techniques in “Mrs Dalloway”

    Woolf’s “Mrs Dalloway” also uses stream-of-consciousness but is more fluid and lyrical compared to Joyce’s dense style. Woolf blends characters’ thoughts with the narrative voice, creating a seamless flow between perspectives. This technique explores characters’ inner lives while maintaining coherence. Woolf’s focus on time and reflections highlights reality’s transient nature, a core modernist concern, and underscores the interconnectedness of individual experiences within the broader social fabric.

    Contribution to Modernist Themes

    Both authors’ techniques reflect modernist themes by breaking away from traditional forms and exploring consciousness and perception’s complexities. Joyce’s fragmented style in “Ulysses” emphasizes reality’s disjointed nature, while Woolf’s interconnected stream-of-consciousness in “Mrs Dalloway” highlights the flow of human experience in a fragmented world. Together, these techniques contribute to a deeper understanding of modernist explorations of inner life and reality.

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Kanudha
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KanudhaBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
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contemporary literary studiesecocriticismenglish literaturehenry david thoreauupsc aspirantupsc mainsupsc optionalwalden
  1. Krishna Karthikeya Jujjavarapu
    Krishna Karthikeya Jujjavarapu Begginer

    "Ecocritical Exploration of Nature in Henry David Thoreau's 'Walden'".... Ecocriticism is a literary and cultural theory that examines the relationship between literature and the natural environment. It emerged as a response to environmental concerns, aiming to explore how literary works represent nRead more

    “Ecocritical Exploration of Nature in Henry David Thoreau’s ‘Walden'”….

    Ecocriticism is a literary and cultural theory that examines the relationship between literature and the natural environment. It emerged as a response to environmental concerns, aiming to explore how literary works represent nature, interact with ecological issues, and reflect human attitudes towards the environment.

    In contemporary literary studies, ecocriticism is relevant for several reasons. It encourages a deeper understanding of how literature shapes and is shaped by environmental contexts, fostering awareness of ecological crises and advocating for environmental stewardship. Ecocritical approaches analyze literary texts through the lens of ecological principles, exploring themes such as human-nature relationships, environmental degradation, and the impact of industrialization on ecosystems.

    In Henry David Thoreau’s “Walden,” an ecocritical analysis focuses on Thoreau’s transcendentalist exploration of nature as a source of spiritual and philosophical insight. Thoreau’s depiction of Walden Pond and the surrounding woods emphasizes the interconnectedness of humans and the natural world, advocating for simplicity, self-sufficiency, and harmony with nature. Ecocritics might examine Thoreau’s observations of seasonal changes, wildlife interactions, and his critique of industrial society’s environmental impact. Thoreau’s call to reconnect with nature and live deliberately resonates with ecocritical concerns about sustainability and environmental ethics, making “Walden” a foundational text in ecocritical discourse.

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