To improve the quality of education in India effectively, a multi-faceted approach is essential. Firstly, pedagogical practices must shift from rote learning to student-centred, experiential learning. This requires comprehensive teacher training programmes that emphasise interactive and inclusive teaching methods, enhancing educators’ ability to foster critical thinking and creativity among students.

Secondly, addressing infrastructural deficiencies is crucial. Ensuring all schools have access to basic amenities like clean water, functional sanitation, and nutritious mid-day meals will create a conducive learning environment. Additionally, improving access to technology is imperative. Equipping schools with ICT labs and ensuring internet connectivity, especially in rural and underserved areas, can bridge the digital divide and facilitate modern learning methods.

Thirdly, regular and meaningful learning assessments should be utilised to inform educational strategies rather than just collecting data. These assessments can help tailor educational content to meet the diverse needs of students, particularly those from marginalised communities.

Furthermore, integrating life skills education into the curriculum will prepare students for real-world challenges. The implementation of the National Education Policy 2020 should be prioritised, focusing on curriculum revision and the promotion of foundational literacy and numeracy.

Lastly, fostering a gender-sensitive and inclusive educational environment where every child feels valued and safe is vital. Policies must ensure that children from all backgrounds have equal access to quality education, thereby promoting social equity and cohesion.