There are Several key factors that are influencing agricultural productivity in India:

1. Dependency on Monsoon: India’s agriculture heavily relies on the monsoon season for water supply. Irregular or inadequate rainfall can lead to droughts or floods, affecting crop yields.

2. Technology and Infrastructure: Access to modern farming technologies, irrigation facilities, and transportation infrastructure significantly impacts productivity. Areas with better infrastructure tend to have higher yields.

3. Land Holdings: Fragmentation of land holdings has reduced farm sizes, making mechanization difficult and limiting economies of scale. Consolidation of land and mechanization can boost productivity.

4. Health of Soil: Degraded soil fertility due to intensive farming practices, improper land management, and excessive use of chemical fertilizers affects crop yields. Sustainable soil management practices are crucial for long-term productivity.

5. Access to Credit and Insurance: Farmers’ access to affordable credit, crop insurance, and subsidies influences their ability to invest in inputs like seeds, fertilizers, and equipment, thereby affecting productivity.

6. Policies of Government: Agricultural policies related to pricing, subsidies, procurement, and trade regulations impact farmers’ decisions and overall productivity.

7. Market Linkages: Efficient market linkages and fair prices for produce encourage farmers to invest in improving productivity.

8. Change in Climate: Increasing frequency of extreme weather events due to climate change poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, requiring adaptive strategies.

Addressing these factors through sustainable practices, technological advancements, and supportive policies is essential to enhance agricultural productivity in India sustainably.