The topic of India’s legalization of marital rape has come to light recently. Examine the effects of giving the nation’s victims of marital rape legal protection. (Answer in 250 words)
Feminization of agriculture refers to participation of women in agriculture sector. According to Food And Agriculture Organization, women make up about 43% of agriculture labor force in developing countries. . Factors driving feminization in agriculture are- Migration of men to urban areas in searchRead more
Feminization of agriculture refers to participation of women in agriculture sector. According to Food And Agriculture Organization, women make up about 43% of agriculture labor force in developing countries. .
Factors driving feminization in agriculture are-
- Migration of men to urban areas in search of better opportunities leaving behind women to handle agriculture .
- Economic factors as family diversify their income sources by sending men in non- agricultural sectors while women take agricultural responsibilities.
- Social and cultural factors as traditionally, women are supposed to do agricultural activities also given less preference for education and skill development ,often they held responsible for food production and household chores .
- Historically as wave of industrialization created opportunities for a small section of educated women same time reduced work opportunities for unskilled women workers. As a result women workers got concentrated in agriculture sector. This affects in greater workload for women affecting their health and well being though it helps and allows them to come in public sphere and socialize which can potentially lead to building women’s skill and confidence. Women faces various challenges and difficulties and traditionally confined to low paying jobs like harvesting winnowing so there is a need for their empowerment . Ways in which women can be empowered in this regard –
- 1.Legal reforms -Implement and enforce laws that ensure equal rights for women in owning ,inheriting land and property.
- 2.Access to credit and financial services like self help groups ,PM mudra yojana ,credit guarantee scheme for standup india etc for microfinance.
- 3.Educate and train them –offer them training and literacy programs like Deendayal antyodaya yojana ,national rural livelihood mission, Mahila kisan sashaktikaran pariyojana etc.
- Feminization of women is a complex phenomenon driven by various factors which presents opportunities and challenges for women. Empowering women in agriculture require multifaceted approach and by providing them with training and support we can enhance their productivity.
The question of whether marital rape should be criminalized in India is perhaps one of the most hotly debated questions of the moment on account of the implications it has for women rights and the marriage institution. Presently, India remains as one of the few countries in the world where maRead more
The question of whether marital rape should be criminalized in India is perhaps one of the most hotly debated questions of the moment on account of the implications it has for women rights and the marriage institution.
Presently, India remains as one of the few countries in the world where marital rape is not considered a criminal offense. Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, which defines the offence of rape contains an exception to the effect that sexual intercourse with his wife is not rape even if she is not willing. This exception has been criticised for stripping married women of control of their bodily person and their dignity and for reinforcing the idea that a wife is the husband’s possession.
The legalisation of marital rape would have the following effects. Firstly, it would offer remedies for survivors of marital rape as they would have an opportunity to report the incident and ensure that the offenders are brought to justice. This could emancipate women and equally convey the message that forced sexual relations within a marriage are unlawful. Second, it would bring Indian law in harmony with the Indian Constitution’s provisions of equality, human dignity, and the right to life. The repeal of the marital rape exception would mean that the law would not view a woman’s consent as any less valid when she is legally married.
However, those against criminalizing marital rape state that the move might lead to the destabilization of marriages and harassment of husbands. Critics also fear that a law like this is not feasible to be implemented in a country like India due to strong-rooted gender bias and power dynamics particularly within marriages.
Finally, the decision to criminalize marital rape is one that cannot be taken lightly as there are risks, implications, and rights that need to be protected on the side of women as well as men in society. Although there is certain logic in the arguments against criminalization, it is impossible to disregard the violation of a married woman’s fundamental rights to control her own body.
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