Describe about the two main nationalism movement leaders? Briefly.
Indian mathematicians and astronomers have contributed immensely in the study of the universe and have continued to do so in the ancient world as well as in the modern world. In the ancient period, mathematicians like Aryabhata (476–550 CE) started solving many problems in mathematics and astronomy.Read more
Indian mathematicians and astronomers have contributed immensely in the study of the universe and have continued to do so in the ancient world as well as in the modern world.
In the ancient period, mathematicians like Aryabhata (476–550 CE) started solving many problems in mathematics and astronomy. Aryabhata in his work, the “Aryabhatiya”, used zero as a numeral, place value system and gave approximations of π. He also came up with a heliocentric theory of the solar system, he opined that the Earth also rotates on its axis, a theory that was revolutionary at that time.
Brahmagupta (598–668 CE) extended the mathematical ideas and laid down rules for arithmetic operations on negative quantities and quadratic equations. His astronomical work “Brahmasphutasiddhanta” contained procedures of finding planetary longitude and latitude and eclipses.
Further, Madhava of Sangamagrama (c. 1340–1425) who founded the Kerala School of Mathematics worked on infinite series and gave some of the ideas that was later developed by European mathematicians.
In the contemporary period, Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887–1920) provided remarkable contributions to the number theory, Continued Fractions, Infinite series and his works are still used in the present mathematics and physics.
These contributions have been very useful in the advancement of mathematical and astronomical knowledge all over the world, setting down basic principles that are still used to this date.
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The two major personalities in the Indian nationalist struggle were Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi(1869–1948) is considered to be the leading figure of the Indian struggle for independence. Gandhi is famous for his principles of non-violence (ahimsa) and civil disobeRead more
The two major personalities in the Indian nationalist struggle were Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi(1869–1948) is considered to be the leading figure of the Indian struggle for independence. Gandhi is famous for his principles of non-violence (ahimsa) and civil disobedience; he led millions of people through non-violent protests and campaigns like the Salt March and the Quit India Movement. The approaches that he used included individualism, social change, and consolidation of people of different groups. This leadership of Gandhi did not only motivate the Indian people but also the entire world civil rights movement.
Jawaharlal Nehru(1889–1964) was Gandhi’s follower a leader of the nationalist movement and the founder of modern India. Being the first Prime Minister of India, Nehru supported democracy, secularism and socialism in India. He dreamt of an industrialised India, a scientific India and an educationally developed India. Nehru is credited for the introduction of the parliamentary system as well as the formation of some of the most important institutions that helped India grow into a democratic country.
Thus, Gandhi and Nehru’s leadership was quite effective in the context of the Indian struggle for independence from British rule and in shaping the further development of the country.
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