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Does India needs a " National Security Strategy (NSS)" and what are the challenges in for it's implementation?
Although it is agreeable that India does require a National Security Strategy (NSS) for managing its security environment, both external and internal, from threats from aggressive neighbor countries, internal insurgencies, cyber security threats and other regional instabilities. An NSS would offer aRead more
Although it is agreeable that India does require a National Security Strategy (NSS) for managing its security environment, both external and internal, from threats from aggressive neighbor countries, internal insurgencies, cyber security threats and other regional instabilities. An NSS would offer a structure for integrating the defense, intelligence and law enforcement branches of government for organized goal-directed counterterrorism activity. It would also enrich India’s diplomacy speaking points by understanding its security interests and approaches.
That is, the problems of an NSS are deep-rooted in the gigantic bureaucracy and coordination between agencies that oversee the process. However, the meeting of defense requirements with the economy results in funding complications. Political and electoral transferring and shifting may cause an interruption in security management. Also, central power and states are meant to create the appropriate cooperation because states manage specific affairs concerning internal security, like extremism or bordering in some areas. An NSS is feasible only when it can overcome these; this will be possible as its analytical and anticipatory capability to address emerging threats for India will be boosted up.
See lessHow much funding has been allocated to the education sector, and are there specific programs aimed at improving digital education and access in rural areas?
India plan for school Education and Literacy Department has been allocated ₹73,008 crore in the 2024- 25 budget. At the fund level most funds or 51 percent have been provided to the scheme Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) with ₹37,010 crore to train teachers and provide better technology to make educatRead more
India plan for school Education and Literacy Department has been allocated ₹73,008 crore in the 2024- 25 budget. At the fund level most funds or 51 percent have been provided to the scheme Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) with ₹37,010 crore to train teachers and provide better technology to make education more digital in rural regions as well.
The PM Schools for Rising India Initiative also aims to upgrade 14,500 schools with modern infrastructure and technology through a central allocation of ₹18,128 crore over five years. Further, ₹6,000 crore has been allocated to scale digital learning in these schools.
Zero Budget Natural Agriculture-ZBNA is at ₹101 crore, while Midday Meal Scheme-MDM is at ₹1,731 crore, whereas, Operational Integrated Child Development Service-OICDS is at ₹5,759 crore and Nutritional meals in schools-PM-POSHAN scheme is at ₹12, 467 crore but occupies 17% only. School education has been budgeted at slightly more than last year, that is at 0.7% more than last year indicating a gradual restoration from cuts made in 2020-21 and 2021-22.
The allocation for higher education amounts to ₹47,620 crore. The maximum allocation has been to Central Universities at 33% of the total. Then comes “IITs” at 22%, followed by “NITs” at 11%. Allocations for Central Universities and NITs have increased by 29% and 5% respectively, whereas the funds for the UGC have come down to a significant 61%.
See lessIndia's struggle for freedom
Some important events and people in India's struggle for freedom include: Mahatma Gandhi A national leader who led the successful campaign for India's independence. He launched the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement, which were crucial to India's independence.Read more
Some important events and people in India’s struggle for freedom include:
Mahatma Gandhi
A national leader who led the successful campaign for India’s independence. He launched the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement, which were crucial to India’s independence.
Subhas Chandra Bose
A prominent hero who founded the Azad Hind Fauj, also known as the Indian National Army (INA), to fight the British.
Bhagat Singh
A revolutionary who believed in armed rebellion as the only way to drive the British out of India.
Chandrashekhar Azad
A freedom fighter who inspired thousands of Indians to join the freedom movement.
Lala Lajpat Rai
A member of the Indian National Congress who participated in protests against the Bengal partition. He also established the Punjab National Bank.
See lessExplain the Feminism words.
Feminism is a social and political movement that advocates for the rights of women on the grounds of equality of sexes. It does not deny the biological differences between the sexes but demands equality in opportunities. It covers everything from social and political to economic arenas. In fact, femRead more
- Feminism is a social and political movement that advocates for the rights of women on the grounds of equality of sexes. It does not deny the biological differences between the sexes but demands equality in opportunities. It covers everything from social and political to economic arenas. In fact, feminist campaigns have been a crucial part of history in women empowerment. The feminist campaigns of the twentieth century made the right to vote, public property, work and education possible. Thus, an essay on feminism will discuss its importance and impact.
See lessCritically examine the compulsions which prompted India to play a decisive roles in the emergence of Bangladesh. (UPSC 2013)
In 1971 Bangladesh was following a foreign policy of distancing itself from India. Even then India helped Bangladesh because certain factors were bothering India too. Decision taken by India to interfere in Pakistan- India War of 1971 was due to security, political, strategic and humanitarian compuRead more
In 1971 Bangladesh was following a foreign policy of distancing itself from India. Even then India helped Bangladesh because certain factors were bothering India too.
Decision taken by India to interfere in Pakistan- India War of 1971 was due to security, political, strategic and humanitarian compulsions.
Humanitarian Crisis-
Pakistan military’s brutality on Bangladeshi’s led to widespread atrocities. More than 10 million refugees reached India which created a huge crises of resources in India. It was also destabilising border states West Bengal, Assam and Meghalaya, this compelled India to act.
Political Crisis-
Instability in East Pakistan posed significant political challenges in front of Indian government managing the refugee crisis and also to take a strong stand against Pakistan’s atrocities. Failure in responding could have been politically damaging.
Security Crisis-
Unstable circumstances in East Pakistan lead to internal unrest in Indian North East states and conflicts across Pakistan bordering states could have led to cross border insurgencies and regional instability.
Strategic reasons-
Pakistan’s control over East Pakistan was seen as a geopolitical threat to India, also US-Pakistan ties were growing at that time during Cold War. Independence of Bangladesh would weaken and shift the regional balance of power and benefit India.
India’s interference in Bangladesh’s liberation was a calculated and strategic response to these certain compulsions. It solved the refugee crisis, also reduced Pakistan’s influence and altered geopolitical landscape in South Asia and enhancing India stand globally.
See lessDescribe the main features of the Vedic education system and review its significance in present. (200 Words) [UPPSC 2019]
The Vedic system of education had evolved way back in ancient India and consisted of the following features: Gurukul System: It is a loose term for an informal setup under a guru's guidance, with the main theme of personalized learning and close interactions between teachers and students. Subjects oRead more
The Vedic system of education had evolved way back in ancient India and consisted of the following features:
Hindsight of the holistic development, personalized learning, and moral values-the Vedic educational system was underlining aspects of education that resonate so much in contemporary education. With the growing dimension and recognition nowadays to the social-emotional learning and experiential education, this ancient wisdom of the Vedic system can affect modern curriculums to produce well-rounded persons who can face today’s challenges. For this technological age of rapid advancement leading to loss and crises, the educational system of Vedas resonates enormously.
See lessWho proposed the preamble to the drafting committee?
The DRAFTING COMMMITTEE was established in the year 1947 and this committee was chaired by DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR along with other members namely like K.M. Munsi , B.L. Mitter and such other more members . This committee was mainly responsible to give certainly act as the advisor and provide the necessaRead more
The DRAFTING COMMMITTEE was established in the year 1947 and this committee was chaired by DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR along with other members namely like K.M. Munsi , B.L. Mitter and such other more members . This committee was mainly responsible to give certainly act as the advisor and provide the necessary changes as and when required in the framing of the constitution .
The preamble was proposed by Jawaharlal Nehru . He at first proposed the objectives resolution in the 1946 which basically framed the principles to be put down in the constitution of our nation .
Finally the preamble was adopted on November 26th 1949 by the constituent assembly .
See lessWhat was the significance of Lala Lajpat Rai's activism in the struggle against British oppression and social reform?
Lala Lajpat Rai, a prominent nationalist leader and social reformer, played a vital role in India’s struggle against British colonial rule. His activism not only targeted colonial oppression but also addressed critical social issues, making him a multifaceted figure in the Indian independence movemeRead more
Lala Lajpat Rai, a prominent nationalist leader and social reformer, played a vital role in India’s struggle against British colonial rule. His activism not only targeted colonial oppression but also addressed critical social issues, making him a multifaceted figure in the Indian independence movement.
1. Leadership in the Nationalist Movement
2. Response to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
3. Social Reforms and Educational Initiatives
4. Mentorship and Influence on Future Leaders
5. Recent Commemoration and Legacy
6. Conclusion
Lala Lajpat Rai’s activism significantly shaped the struggle against British oppression while advancing social reform in India. His dual focus on nationalism and social justice underscored the interdependence of political and social issues, establishing him as a pivotal figure in the Indian freedom movement. Today, his legacy continues to inspire movements for justice and equality, reinforcing the importance of active citizenship and social responsibility in building a more equitable society.
See lessAssess the impact of Dr. Zakir Husain as an educational reformer and first Muslim President of India on modern education.
Dr. Zakir Husain, the first Muslim President of India and a prominent educational reformer, played a pivotal role in shaping modern education in India. His contributions not only transformed educational institutions but also promoted a vision of inclusive and progressive education that has influenceRead more
Dr. Zakir Husain, the first Muslim President of India and a prominent educational reformer, played a pivotal role in shaping modern education in India. His contributions not only transformed educational institutions but also promoted a vision of inclusive and progressive education that has influenced the country’s educational landscape.
1. Background and Vision
2. Role as Vice-Chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia
3. Contributions to Educational Policy as Union Education Minister
4. Influence as President of India
5. Recent Examples and Continuing Legacy
6. Conclusion
Dr. Zakir Husain’s contributions as an educational reformer and the first Muslim President of India have had a profound impact on modern education in the country. His advocacy for quality education, national integration, and social justice laid the foundation for a more inclusive and progressive educational system. Today, his legacy continues to inspire educators and policymakers in their efforts to create a just and equitable society through education.
See lessHow did Annie Besant’s work in the Home Rule Movement influence public opinion and political consciousness in India?
Annie Besant, a prominent British theosophist and political activist, played a significant role in the Home Rule Movement in India during the early 20th century. Her efforts in mobilizing public opinion and raising political consciousness had lasting impacts on the nationalist struggle for independeRead more
Annie Besant, a prominent British theosophist and political activist, played a significant role in the Home Rule Movement in India during the early 20th century. Her efforts in mobilizing public opinion and raising political consciousness had lasting impacts on the nationalist struggle for independence.
1. Introduction of the Home Rule Movement
2. Empowerment of Women
3. Influence on Indian Nationalist Leaders
4. Cultural and Educational Initiatives
5. Recent Examples and Legacy
6. Conclusion
Annie Besant’s work in the Home Rule Movement significantly influenced public opinion and political consciousness in India. Her efforts to empower women, promote education, and foster a sense of unity among diverse groups contributed to the broader nationalist struggle against colonial rule. Besant’s legacy as a catalyst for political awakening continues to inspire contemporary movements for equality and self-determination in India.
See less