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International Relations

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Home/International Relations/Page 5

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Sanjay Tiwari
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Sanjay TiwariLearner
Asked: June 11, 2024In:
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Discuss whether the Build Back Better World (B3W) initiative of the G7 and the Global Gateway initiative of the European Union can offer an alternative for global infrastructure development in light of the mounting concerns about China’s Belt and Road ...

upsc: regional & global groupings & agreements
  1. Ram Lal
    Ram Lal Begginer

    Answer: China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an ambitious infrastructure project that aims to build land and sea routes to link Asia, Africa, and Europe. Many policy analysts believe that the BRI is a state- backed campaign for global Chinese dominance and presents the following apprehensions:Read more

    Answer: China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an ambitious infrastructure project that aims to build land and sea routes to link Asia, Africa, and Europe. Many policy analysts believe that the BRI is a state- backed campaign for global Chinese dominance and presents the following apprehensions:

    • Chinese investments in strategic sectors in developing and struggling economies have led to severe degree of economic dependence of these countries on China.
    • Due to the unsustainable debt-for-infrastructure deals, the host countries find themselves handing over substantial tracts of territory and natural resources to the Chinese, for example, the Hambantota port in Sri Lanka.
    • Several BRI projects violate the global principle of sovereignty and territorial integrity, for instance, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir.
    • Many analysts believe that China is pursuing a ‘String of Pearls’ geo-economic strategy in the Indian Ocean, through which it may seize control of the regional choke points.
    • The host countries do not find opportunities to create skill and employment through these projects as almost 90% of all BRI contracts are executed by Chinese construction companies using Chinese labour.

    In this context, the Build Back Better World (B3W) of G7 and the EU’s ‘Global Gateway’ are deemed as alternatives that can fund the global infrastructure gap. BRI vs B3W:

    • The focus of both BRI and B3W differs. BRI is primarily focused on traditional hard infrastructure’ i.e., ports, roads, dams, railways, electric power plants, and telecommunication facilities. In comparison, the B3W focuses on “softer” outcomes, namely improvements in climate, health and health security, modernized digital technology, and gender equity and equality.
    • However, the G-7 and their partners have deep experience with bilateral and multilateral development finance, which could help address the $40+ trillion global infrastructure gaps identified by it.

    BRI vs Global Gateway:

    • The Global Gateway, similar to the BRI, aims at upgrading transport, digital and energy networks and making them smarter, greener and more sustainable. However, its target is broader as it also includes strengthening health, education, and research systems across the world.
    • The Global Gateway aims to mobilize 300 billion Euro until 2027 from public and private sources. It is in no match to the financial assistance provided through BRI. Besides, it is not fresh money and the majority of the capital consists of existing funds and loans guaranteed under different agreements. It is also questionable whether private sectors would participate or not as long-term investment in developing countries are risky.
    • The Global Gateway has started later in comparison to the BRI. By the end of 2021, 145 countries, including 18 EU members such as Greece, Greek Cyprus, Italy, Portugal, and Austria, have already signed on to the BRI, and China has already invested about $2.5 trillion.
    • The Global Gateway’s value-based approach conditions i.e. release of funds and investments on transparency and good governance will provide challenges as many countries in Africa and South-East Asia have undemocratic regimes.
    • Global Gateway’s present focus is its periphery, mainly Africa and eastern Europe, while the BRI encompasses the 6 major economic corridors across the world. However, the Central European and East European nations are still reliant on EU structural funds and cannot take a stand against Western Europe.

    The two initiatives are timely interventions. However, loans might give the lending countries power and influence over the domestic and foreign policy of the countries accepting the loans. To counter the neo-colonialist policy of any nation, it is essential that the rest of the world provides an integrated alternative approach rather than individual commitments. The developing countries also need to be aware and resist falling trap to the hidden agenda.

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Banno Rani
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Banno RaniBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In:
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Assess the contribution of the India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership to the advancement of the Act East strategy of India and the promotion of an inclusive, free, and open Indo-Pacific region. Talk about the important areas of collaboration, like ...

upsc: important current events
  1. Dhruv Mehta
    Dhruv Mehta Begginer

    The India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership plays a crucial role in advancing India’s Act East policy and promoting a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region. This partnership is central to India's broader regional strategy and its efforts to enhance its influence and engagement iRead more

    The India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership plays a crucial role in advancing India’s Act East policy and promoting a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region. This partnership is central to India’s broader regional strategy and its efforts to enhance its influence and engagement in the Indo-Pacific. Here’s an evaluation of the partnership’s impact, focusing on key areas of cooperation such as infrastructure development, digital connectivity, and emerging technologies:

    Role of the India-Japan Partnership in Advancing India’s Act East Policy
    1. Strategic Alignment:

    a. Act East Policy:

    Regional Integration: The partnership aligns with India’s Act East policy, which seeks to strengthen India’s ties with East and Southeast Asia. Japan, as a key player in the region, is pivotal for India in enhancing its strategic and economic presence in these areas.
    Geopolitical Balance: Collaboration with Japan helps India balance regional dynamics, particularly in countering the growing influence of China. It supports India’s aim to maintain a stable and multipolar regional order.
    b. Indo-Pacific Vision:

    Shared Values: Both countries share a vision for a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region. This includes upholding international law, ensuring freedom of navigation, and promoting peaceful resolution of disputes.
    Regional Cooperation: The partnership supports regional initiatives and frameworks that align with the principles of inclusivity and openness, contributing to the stability and prosperity of the Indo-Pacific.
    Key Areas of Cooperation
    1. Infrastructure Development:

    a. Investment in Projects:

    High-Speed Rail: One of the flagship projects of the India-Japan partnership is the Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail (HSR) project. This initiative, funded with Japanese technology and expertise, represents a significant advancement in India’s infrastructure capabilities.
    Urban Infrastructure: Japan has also been involved in various urban infrastructure projects in India, including metro rail systems and smart city initiatives. These projects enhance urban connectivity and promote sustainable development.
    b. Capacity Building:

    Technical Expertise: Japan’s involvement brings advanced technology and technical expertise to infrastructure projects in India. This includes knowledge transfer and capacity building, which are crucial for the successful implementation and maintenance of infrastructure projects.
    Quality Standards: Japanese standards in infrastructure development contribute to improved quality and efficiency, setting benchmarks for future projects in India.
    2. Digital Connectivity:

    a. Enhancing Digital Infrastructure:

    Telecommunications: Japan and India collaborate on improving digital connectivity through projects related to telecommunications and broadband infrastructure. This includes enhancing internet access and digital services in underserved areas.
    Cybersecurity: The partnership includes cooperation on cybersecurity, which is essential for safeguarding digital infrastructure and addressing emerging cyber threats.
    b. Innovation and Collaboration:

    Tech Startups: India and Japan support collaboration between tech startups and innovation hubs, fostering the growth of the digital economy and encouraging cross-border technology exchange.
    Research and Development: Joint R&D initiatives in digital technologies, including artificial intelligence and data analytics, enhance technological capabilities and innovation in both countries.
    3. Emerging Technologies:

    a. Joint Research and Development:

    Advanced Technologies: The partnership promotes joint research and development in advanced technologies, including robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), and quantum computing. These areas are critical for future technological advancements and economic growth.
    Innovation Ecosystems: Collaboration in emerging technologies supports the creation of innovation ecosystems, facilitating the exchange of knowledge and expertise between India and Japan.
    b. Technology Transfer:

    Industrial Applications: Japanese technology transfer to Indian industries helps improve productivity and efficiency. This includes applications in manufacturing, healthcare, and environmental management.
    Skill Development: Capacity-building initiatives in emerging technologies enhance the skills of Indian professionals and researchers, contributing to the development of a skilled workforce in high-tech sectors.
    Impact on a Free, Open, and Inclusive Indo-Pacific
    1. Promoting Stability and Security:

    a. Regional Security:

    Maritime Security: The partnership supports maritime security initiatives, including joint exercises and collaborative efforts to ensure freedom of navigation in key sea lanes. This contributes to maintaining a stable and secure maritime environment in the Indo-Pacific.
    Disaster Response: Collaboration in disaster response and humanitarian assistance enhances the ability to address regional emergencies and support affected communities.
    b. Strategic Presence:

    Diplomatic Engagement: The India-Japan partnership strengthens diplomatic engagement in the Indo-Pacific region, supporting regional frameworks and institutions that promote inclusivity and cooperation.
    Geopolitical Influence: By working together on strategic and economic initiatives, India and Japan enhance their geopolitical influence and contribute to shaping a balanced and multipolar regional order.
    2. Economic Integration and Prosperity:

    a. Trade and Investment:

    Economic Growth: The partnership fosters economic integration through increased trade and investment, contributing to regional economic growth and development.
    Infrastructure and Connectivity: Enhanced infrastructure and digital connectivity facilitate economic activities and integration, promoting regional prosperity and development.
    b. Collaborative Frameworks:

    Regional Initiatives: India and Japan support regional initiatives and frameworks that align with their vision of a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific. This includes engagement with multilateral organizations and participation in regional dialogues.
    Inclusive Growth: The partnership promotes inclusive growth by addressing regional disparities and supporting sustainable development initiatives.
    Conclusion
    The India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership is instrumental in advancing India’s Act East policy and promoting a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region. Through key areas of cooperation such as infrastructure development, digital connectivity, and emerging technologies, the partnership enhances regional stability, economic integration, and technological innovation. By aligning their efforts with shared values and strategic objectives, India and Japan contribute significantly to a balanced and prosperous Indo-Pacific, supporting their broader regional and global goals.

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Team
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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 27, 2024In:
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Does India have a strong desire to be a permanent member of the Security Council? (200 Words) [UPPSC 2019]

uppsc: international relations
  1. Bhavna Thakur
    Bhavna Thakur Learner

    India's Bid for Permanent Membership in the UN Security Council **1. Background and Context India has long advocated for a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). The UNSC, comprising five permanent members (P5) – the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and ChinaRead more

    India’s Bid for Permanent Membership in the UN Security Council

    **1. Background and Context

    India has long advocated for a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). The UNSC, comprising five permanent members (P5) – the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China – has faced criticism for its lack of representation of emerging global powers and developing nations.

    **2. India’s Case for Permanent Membership

    **a. Growing Global Influence

    India’s rising economic and strategic influence supports its claim. As the world’s fifth-largest economy and a major player in international diplomacy, India argues that it deserves a seat to better reflect the current global power dynamics. For instance, India’s significant contributions to UN peacekeeping missions and its role in global issues, such as climate change and counter-terrorism, strengthen its case.

    **b. Support from Other Nations

    India’s bid has received support from several countries and regional groups. For example, the G4 Nations – India, Germany, Brazil, and Japan – have collectively pushed for UNSC reform. Additionally, African Union countries have also endorsed India’s claim, aligning with their own aspirations for a more representative UNSC.

    **c. Geopolitical Contributions

    India’s strategic partnerships with major powers, such as the United States and Russia, further bolster its bid. India’s collaborations on security and economic fronts with countries like Japan and Australia highlight its integral role in global governance.

    **3. Challenges and Opposition

    Despite its strong case, India faces challenges:

    **a. Resistance from Existing P5 Members

    Current P5 members are cautious about expanding the Council due to concerns over balance of power and potential dilution of influence.

    **b. Opposition from Regional Rivals

    India’s bid is also opposed by regional rivals, such as Pakistan, which argues that India’s membership could lead to biased decision-making in the UNSC.

    **4. Recent Developments

    Recent discussions have seen varying levels of support and skepticism. The United Nations General Assembly has seen debates on UNSC reform, but a consensus on expanding permanent membership remains elusive.

    Conclusion

    India’s claim for a permanent UNSC seat is supported by its growing global influence, contributions to international peace and security, and backing from various nations. However, challenges from existing P5 members and regional rivals continue to impact the outcome of its bid.

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Team
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TeamSupreme
Asked: August 14, 2024In:
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Describe the thinking behind India’s participation in QUAD. (125 Words) [UPPSC 2023]

uppsc: regional & global groupings & agreements
  1. Rajveer Gowda
    Rajveer Gowda Begginer

    Rationale Behind India's Involvement in QUAD Strategic Alliances: India’s involvement in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) is driven by the need to strengthen strategic alliances with key Indo-Pacific nations, namely the United States, Japan, and Australia. This alignment helps counterbalanRead more

    Rationale Behind India’s Involvement in QUAD

    Strategic Alliances: India’s involvement in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) is driven by the need to strengthen strategic alliances with key Indo-Pacific nations, namely the United States, Japan, and Australia. This alignment helps counterbalance China’s growing influence in the region.

    Security and Stability: QUAD aims to ensure security and stability in the Indo-Pacific, addressing concerns like maritime security and freedom of navigation. India’s participation in initiatives such as Malabar naval exercises reflects its commitment to maintaining a rules-based international order.

    Economic and Technological Cooperation: The partnership fosters economic and technological cooperation. For instance, QUAD’s vaccine diplomacy and critical supply chains initiatives enhance regional resilience against health crises and supply disruptions.

    Recent Developments: The QUAD Leaders’ Summit and joint projects in infrastructure development and climate action underscore India’s strategic interests in promoting a free and open Indo-Pacific.

    Conclusion: India’s involvement in QUAD is pivotal for enhancing regional security, fostering international cooperation, and countering geopolitical challenges posed by China.

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Sanjay Tiwari
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Sanjay TiwariLearner
Asked: June 11, 2024In:
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The bilateral partnership between France and India is essential for maintaining a stable and sustainable global order as well as for opening up synergies with the European Union. Do you concur? (250 words)

upsc: bilateral relations
  1. Ram Lal
    Ram Lal Begginer

    Answer: India and France enjoy a traditionally close and friendly relationship. In 1998, they entered into a "Strategic Partnership" based on the convergence of views on various international issues. For India, France could act as a doorway to the European Union (EU). The bilateral relationship coulRead more

    Answer: India and France enjoy a traditionally close and friendly relationship. In 1998, they entered into a “Strategic Partnership” based on the convergence of views on various international issues. For India, France could act as a doorway to the European Union (EU). The bilateral relationship could help India in deepening its engagement with the EU in the following ways:

    • As the President of the Council of EU: Recently, France has taken over the Presidency of the Council. As the President, France will be instrumental in steering the economic, strategic, and security decisions of the EU. This could result in greater convergence between India and the EU in these areas, as India and France share common values and visions.
    • The impact of Brexit: The United Kingdom’s departure has left enormous political and financial gaps in the EU thereby shifting the centre of gravity towards other Eurozone members especially Germany and France. With France looking at Brexit as an opportunity for a “European Renaissance and a change in dispensation in Germany, the case for EU balance shifting in favour of France gets strengthened. Thus, a strong bilateral relationship with France will be in India’s interest to take the India-EU relationship to the next level.
    • Convergence over the Indo-Pacific: The EU’s strategy for cooperation in the Indo-Pacific will be formally adopted during the French presidency. This is expected to result in greater convergence between India and the EU on the question of the Indo-Pacific, as both India and France firmly share the vision of freedom and rules-based order in the region.
    • Facilitate greater trade engagement: India and the EU are presently negotiating a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). India’s successful trade relationship with France (despite the pandemic, bilateral trade stood at US $8.85 billion in 2021) could help in generating greater synergies between India and the EU and could help arrive at a consensus regarding the FTA.

    The bilateral relationship between India and France is not only crucial for unlocking the synergies between India and the EU but it is also crucial for sustainable and stable world order, because of the following reasons:

    • International forums: In the UN Security Council and other international forums, where competing and complex sets of interests affect choices of members, France has been a reliable, strong and consistent partner of India.
    • Development cooperation in other regions: Indo-French partnership is critical for India to safeguard its interests, including the security of the sea lanes, freedom of navigation and the protection of the marine commons. It also works jointly to uphold international law and support the organic evolution of a rules-based regional architecture and for development in other regions, for instance, Indo-French cooperation for development in Africa.
    • Cooperation for environment protection and sustainability: The Indo-French cooperation for sustainable development is crucial. Together, they have taken various steps such as declaring the year 2021-22 as the Indo-French Year of the Environment, formation of the International Solar Alliance, etc.
    • Space cooperation: India and France have a rich history of cooperation in the field of space. They have issued a “Joint Vision for Space Cooperation” and both advocate peaceful and constructive development of the space sector. The two countries have also cooperated for various space programmes such as Gaganyaan, GSAT-11, etc.
    • Cooperation for strategic autonomy and multilateralism: India sees France as a resident power in the Indo-Pacific and considers France to be indispensable for ensuring peace and stability in the region. Both countries not only share the vision of free and rules-based conduct in the Indo-Pacific region but also the vision of strategic autonomy and a multi-polar world.

    Thus, India’s strong bilateral relations with France will not only be a fundamental anchor in shoring up the Brussels-India dynamic during its presidency but it is also crucial for protecting the commons and upholding international law and multilateralism.

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Gurpreet Singh
  • 3
Gurpreet SinghBegginer
Asked: July 10, 2024In: ,
  • 3

Discuss how India and Russia Relations have evolved post-India’s Independence. What is the current situation of ties between the two nations?

international relations
  1. Khushi
    Khushi Begginer

    India-Russia relations have undergone significant evolution since India's independence in 1947. Initially, India's non-aligned stance during the Cold War led to a strong partnership with the Soviet Union, driven by shared ideological interests and strategic convergences. The two nations cooperated cRead more

    India-Russia relations have undergone significant evolution since India’s independence in 1947. Initially, India’s non-aligned stance during the Cold War led to a strong partnership with the Soviet Union, driven by shared ideological interests and strategic convergences. The two nations cooperated closely in areas like defense, space exploration, and economic development.

     

    Post-Soviet collapse, India-Russia ties experienced a brief hiatus but rebounded strongly in the 2000s. Today, Russia remains one of India’s key strategic partners. The two nations enjoy robust cooperation in:

     

    – Defense: Russia is India’s largest arms supplier, with significant collaborations in nuclear energy and space exploration.

    – Energy: Russia is a critical partner in India’s energy security, with investments in oil and gas sectors.

    – Trade: Bilateral trade has grown substantially, with a target of $30 billion by 2025.

     

    The current situation is characterized by:

     

    – Regular high-level exchanges, including annual summits

    – Strengthening defense cooperation, including joint exercises and military hardware development

    – Expanding energy ties, with Russia investing in India’s energy sector

    – Growing trade and investment links

    – Shared interests in regional organizations like BRICS and SCO

     

    Overall, India-Russia relations have evolved into a multidimensional and strategic partnership, with both nations continuing to deepen their cooperation across various sectors.

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Sukena Sharma
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Sukena SharmaBegginer
Asked: July 19, 2024In:
  • 0

Evaluate how the Indian diaspora has contributed to India’s digital transformation, especially in the fields of fintech, digital infrastructure, and e-governance. Talk about the government’s efforts to use the resources and experience of the diaspora to advance the nation’s digital ...

upsc: indian diaspora
  1. Jayesh Malhotra
    Jayesh Malhotra Begginer

    The Indian diaspora has made significant contributions to India's digital transformation, particularly in the realms of e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Their involvement has had a profound impact, bringing in expertise, investment, and innovative solutions. Here's an assessment ofRead more

    The Indian diaspora has made significant contributions to India’s digital transformation, particularly in the realms of e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Their involvement has had a profound impact, bringing in expertise, investment, and innovative solutions. Here’s an assessment of this impact and the government’s initiatives to leverage diaspora resources:

    Impact of the Indian Diaspora on Digital Transformation
    1. E-Governance
    Expertise and Innovation: Diaspora professionals with expertise in technology and e-governance have played a critical role in shaping India’s digital governance initiatives. They have contributed to the development of platforms and systems that enhance transparency, efficiency, and citizen engagement in governance.
    Best Practices: The diaspora has introduced global best practices in e-governance, helping to design and implement systems that improve service delivery and public administration.
    2. Fintech
    Investment and Funding: Indian diaspora investors have been instrumental in funding fintech start-ups in India. Their investments have helped propel the growth of digital payment solutions, lending platforms, and blockchain technologies.
    Global Networks: The diaspora’s international networks have facilitated partnerships and collaborations with global fintech players, enhancing India’s integration into the global financial ecosystem.
    3. Digital Infrastructure
    Technological Advancements: Diaspora technology experts have contributed to building and enhancing digital infrastructure, including data centers, cloud services, and telecommunications networks. Their knowledge has helped India develop robust and scalable digital infrastructure.
    Innovation and Development: They have been involved in designing innovative solutions for digital connectivity and infrastructure, including rural and underserved areas.
    Government Initiatives to Leverage Diaspora Expertise
    1. Policy and Programs
    Digital India: Launched in 2015, the Digital India program aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. The government actively seeks diaspora involvement in this initiative through investments and expertise.
    Startup India and Make in India: These initiatives encourage investment in technology and digital infrastructure, often engaging diaspora entrepreneurs and investors to contribute to the digital landscape.
    2. Engagement and Collaboration
    Indian Diaspora Engagement: The government has established platforms and forums to engage with the diaspora. These include conferences and events where diaspora experts and entrepreneurs can collaborate on digital projects.
    Global Indian Network: Programs like the Global Indian Network facilitate connections between diaspora professionals and Indian technology firms, fostering collaboration on digital projects.
    3. Investment Incentives
    Tax Benefits and Grants: The Indian government offers tax incentives and grants for investments in digital infrastructure and technology. These benefits are designed to attract diaspora investors and encourage them to support India’s digital transformation.
    Special Economic Zones (SEZs): SEZs provide favorable conditions for tech and infrastructure investments, attracting diaspora funding for digital projects.
    4. Skill Development and Knowledge Transfer
    Training Programs: The government supports skill development programs in collaboration with diaspora experts. These programs aim to enhance local talent in areas such as software development, data science, and cybersecurity.
    Advisory Roles: Diaspora professionals are often invited to serve in advisory roles, providing strategic input on digital policy, governance, and infrastructure development.
    5. Collaborative Projects
    Public-Private Partnerships: The government promotes partnerships between Indian and diaspora companies to undertake large-scale digital infrastructure projects. These collaborations leverage diaspora expertise to drive innovation and implementation.
    Technology Hubs and Incubators: The establishment of technology hubs and incubators in collaboration with diaspora investors and entrepreneurs supports the growth of digital start-ups and infrastructure.
    Conclusion
    The Indian diaspora has had a transformative impact on India’s digital landscape, significantly contributing to e-governance, fintech, and digital infrastructure. Their involvement has brought in valuable expertise, investment, and global perspectives. The Indian government’s initiatives to leverage diaspora resources—through policies, engagement programs, incentives, and collaborative projects—have been crucial in fostering an environment conducive to digital growth and innovation. By harnessing the skills and resources of the diaspora, India continues to advance its digital transformation goals, improving governance, financial services, and infrastructure.

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Team
  • 0
TeamSupreme
Asked: August 17, 2024In:
  • 0

Which areas of the India-USA relationship are characterized by cooperation and conflict? (200 Words) [UPPSC 2022]

uppsc: bilateral relations
  1. Keshav Bajaj
    Keshav Bajaj Begginer

    Areas of Contention and Cooperation in India-USA Relations Areas of Contention: Trade Disputes: Trade relations have faced tensions over issues such as tariffs and market access. For instance, the USA's imposition of tariffs on Indian steel and aluminum, and India's retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goodsRead more

    Areas of Contention and Cooperation in India-USA Relations

    Areas of Contention:

    1. Trade Disputes: Trade relations have faced tensions over issues such as tariffs and market access. For instance, the USA’s imposition of tariffs on Indian steel and aluminum, and India’s retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods, have strained trade relations.
    2. Visa and Immigration Policies: The U.S. has tightened visa policies, affecting Indian IT professionals and students. The H-1B visa restrictions have been a contentious issue, impacting the large Indian IT workforce in the U.S.
    3. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): Disagreements over IPR enforcement and patent laws persist. The U.S. has criticized India’s patent policies, particularly in the pharmaceutical sector, which are seen as undermining U.S. patent interests.

    Areas of Cooperation:

    1. Defense and Strategic Partnerships: India and the USA have deepened defense ties through agreements like the Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) and Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA). Joint military exercises and defense trade cooperation underscore their strategic partnership.
    2. Economic and Trade Relations: Despite disputes, both countries are significant trade partners. Initiatives like the U.S.-India Strategic Energy Partnership and cooperation in areas such as clean energy, infrastructure, and digital technology demonstrate a mutual interest in economic growth.
    3. Counterterrorism and Security Cooperation: Both nations collaborate on counterterrorism efforts, intelligence sharing, and regional security issues. The Indo-Pacific Strategy is a key area of joint interest, promoting a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific region.

    In summary, while India-USA relations experience friction in trade, immigration, and IPR issues, their cooperation in defense, economic growth, and security continues to strengthen their strategic partnership.

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CHANDAN GHOSH
  • 1
CHANDAN GHOSHBegginer
Asked: July 13, 2024In:
  • 1

indianeighbourhoodquestionsouthasiadiplomacy
  1. Anita Dhruw
    Anita Dhruw Legend

    The ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy that started in India from 2014 has had a bipolar impact on its diplomatic and economic relations with the South Asian neighbors. Positive Impacts: -Increased Engagement: It brought more interaction of both nations on many matters and encouraged improvement of relatiRead more

    The ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy that started in India from 2014 has had a bipolar impact on its diplomatic and economic relations with the South Asian neighbors.

    Positive Impacts:

    -Increased Engagement: It brought more interaction of both nations on many matters and encouraged improvement of relations and communication between nearby states.

    -Development Cooperation: India has significantly ramped up its levels of development cooperation with neighbourhood countries through a Line of Credit (LOC) facility that supports infrastructure development and funds humanitarian interventions. This enhanced the economic relation as well as peoples’ friendly relations between adjacent countries.

    Connectivity Projects: Attraction is enhanced by integration processes that enhance trade and people contact such as the Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal (BBIN) Motor Vehicles Agreement and Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project.
    Challenges and Limitations:

    This of course throws huge challenges and competition on the geopolitically crucial front in that with China, a regional actor especially emerging powers now in South Asia. Beijing has brought development options of their BRI to neighbors in contrary to those that Delhi wants.

    -Internal Issues: The other issues are the domestic political issues and another unresolved regional dispute such us the issue of kashmir with Pakistan and the teesta river sharing with bangladesh hampers bilateral relations.

    -Varying Success: The degree of success of the policy is different for each state. Nevertheless, some countries such as Bhutan and Nepal have had good relations in recent past, but there issues regarding some other nations like Pakistan and Bangladesh exist.

    -Concerns about Hegemony: Some of the neighboring countries have perceived India to be over-powering them and has tried to control them hence they are making negative remarks.

    Overall Assessment:

    A major feature on Foreign Policy has been the adoption of the “Neighbourhood First” policy which has seen India take positive steps towards a better working relation with its neighbors. But they are not very effective due to political rivalry the internal issues of countries individual bilateral relations and so on.

    – A policy such needs to be context-specific and adaptable to the assorted exigencies and opportunities of each bilateral relationship.
    – Trust and confidence among neighbour states are essential for the long-term success of the policy.
    – Collaborative addressing of regional issues is inescapable as will be finding joint compelling solutions that can result in sustainable cooperation.

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On: March 7, 2025 Comments: 0

मानव-वन्यजीव संघर्ष का प्रबंधन

प्रधानमंत्री की घोषणा: मानव-वन्यजीव संघर्ष प्रबंधन के लिए एक समर्पित केंद्र की स्थापना। चुनौतियाँ: जनसंख्या वृद्धि और संसाधनों की प्रतिस्पर्धा। वन्यजीव संरक्षण का महत्व पारिस्थितिक संतुलन और जलवायु अनुकूलन: वन्यजीव पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र को बनाए रखने और जलवायु पैटर्न को विनियमित ...

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