Roadmap for Answer Writing 1. Introduction Purpose: Introduce the significance of the Indian diaspora in global contexts. Thesis Statement: Assert that the Indian diaspora plays a decisive role in influencing the politics and economies of America and European countries. 2. Economic Contributions Investment and Entrepreneurship: Fact: ...
Model Answer Introduction The judicial systems of India and the United Kingdom share a historical connection, with India's legal framework significantly influenced by British colonial rule. Over time, both systems have evolved, reflecting their unique societal and political contexts. This evolutionRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
The judicial systems of India and the United Kingdom share a historical connection, with India’s legal framework significantly influenced by British colonial rule. Over time, both systems have evolved, reflecting their unique societal and political contexts. This evolution has led to both convergence and divergence in their judicial practices.
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Points of Convergence
- Common Law Tradition:
- Both India and the UK operate under a common law system, relying on judicial precedents and the principle of stare decisis, which emphasizes the importance of previous judicial decisions (Gonzalez, 2021).
- Rule of Law:
- Both countries uphold the rule of law, ensuring that laws are applied fairly and that the judiciary maintains independence from the executive and legislative branches (Choudhury, 2022).
- Judicial Activism:
- There has been a rise in judicial activism in both nations, with courts taking an active role in interpreting laws to address social, economic, and environmental issues (Sundaram, 2021).
- Protection of Fundamental Rights:
- Both systems prioritize the protection of fundamental rights. The UK’s Human Rights Act 1998 incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights, while India’s Constitution enshrines a comprehensive set of fundamental rights (Human Rights Watch, 2022).
Points of Divergence
- Constitutional Framework:
- India has a written constitution as the supreme law, whereas the UK operates under an unwritten constitution based on statutes, common law, and conventions (Morris, 2022).
- Judicial Review:
- Judicial review in India is broader, allowing courts to strike down laws that violate the Constitution, while the UK judiciary’s review is limited to compatibility with the Human Rights Act (Patel, 2023).
- Court Structure:
- India has a unitary three-tier structure: the Supreme Court, High Courts, and subordinate courts. The UK features a complex structure with separate systems for England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland (Smith, 2021).
- Appointment of Judges:
- India’s collegium system for appointing judges is more opaque, involving senior judges, while the UK’s Judicial Appointments Commission provides a more transparent, merit-based selection process (Johnson, 2022).
Conclusion
As India and the UK continue to adapt to contemporary challenges, their judicial systems are likely to evolve further, potentially leading to new areas of convergence or divergence that reflect the dynamic legal landscapes of both nations.
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Model Answer Introduction With approximately 32 million Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) globally, the Indian diaspora represents the largest overseas community. According to the Ministry of External Affairs, India leads in annual migration, with 2.5 million Indians moRead more
Model Answer
Introduction
With approximately 32 million Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) globally, the Indian diaspora represents the largest overseas community. According to the Ministry of External Affairs, India leads in annual migration, with 2.5 million Indians moving abroad each year. This vast diaspora significantly influences the politics and economies of the United States and European countries.
Economic Contributions
Investment and Entrepreneurship
The Indian diaspora has made substantial investments, particularly in sectors like technology. For example, Indian entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley have played a crucial role in the tech industry’s growth, founding successful startups that create jobs and drive innovation (Economic Times, 2022).
Remittances
Remittances from the Indian diaspora are vital for India’s economy. In 2023, remittances from the US and Europe accounted for approximately $87 billion, providing crucial foreign exchange and supporting India’s economic development (World Bank, 2023).
Trade Facilitation
Members of the diaspora actively promote trade between India and their host countries. They leverage their networks to attract investments and expand bilateral trade, contributing to economic growth on both sides (Business Standard, 2021).
Political Contributions
Representation
The Indian diaspora has gained political representation in various countries. In the United States, individuals like Kamala Harris and Raja Krishnamoorthi hold significant political offices, influencing policy decisions (The Hindu, 2023).
Lobbying and Advocacy
The diaspora engages in lobbying efforts to advocate for policies that benefit both their communities and India. They play a role in shaping discussions around immigration, diversity, and bilateral relations, as seen during the 2020 US Presidential elections, where they mobilized support for candidate Joe Biden (CNN, 2020).
Influence on Major Policies
During the Brexit referendum, the Indian diaspora in the UK actively participated in debates, highlighting the implications of Brexit on trade and cultural exchanges between India and the UK (BBC News, 2021).
Conclusion
The Indian diaspora has emerged as a pivotal force in shaping the economic and political landscapes of America and European countries. Their contributions not only enhance India’s global identity but also strengthen international relations, demonstrating the diaspora’s significant role as a bridge between nations.
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