Mars' climate is a tale of two planets. Evidence suggests a warm and wet early Mars. A thicker atmosphere, likely rich in carbon dioxide, trapped heat and allowed liquid water to flow, carving river valleys and potentially vast oceans. This era may have been fueled by volcanic eruptions or a strongeRead more
Mars’ climate is a tale of two planets. Evidence suggests a warm and wet early Mars. A thicker atmosphere, likely rich in carbon dioxide, trapped heat and allowed liquid water to flow, carving river valleys and potentially vast oceans. This era may have been fueled by volcanic eruptions or a stronger sun.
Over billions of years, Mars lost its magnetic field, leaving it vulnerable to solar wind stripping away the atmosphere. The planet turned frigid and dry, with remaining water locked as ice caps or underground. The thin atmosphere now allows dramatic temperature swings and dust storms.
The sculpted surface reflects this history. Cratered plains hint at heavy bombardment early on. Dried-up riverbeds and lakebeds are ghostly reminders of a watery past. Volcanic giants like Olympus Mons tower over the landscape, a testament to past activity that may have influenced Mars’ climate.
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In 1991, the budget presentd by then Finance Minsister, Dr. Manmohan Singh has changed the fate of India's economy. The new economic policy opened the doors for economic liberalisation by opening Indian markets for private and foreign investors which marked the inclusion of 'Rest of the World' sectRead more
In 1991, the budget presentd by then Finance Minsister, Dr. Manmohan Singh has changed the fate of India’s economy. The new economic policy opened the doors for economic liberalisation by opening Indian markets for private and foreign investors which marked the inclusion of ‘Rest of the World’ sector in India. It focused on building foreign exchange reserves, removing market restrictions, and increasing the exchange of goods, services, capital, human resources, and technology worldwide, thus encouraging the economy’s growth.
The policy emphasised on Privatisation, Liberalisation, Globalisation.
The main objective of Privatisation was to improve the efficiency of public sector companies that were suffering losses and stagnation due to the under-utilization of capacity and resources. This was carried out by divestment in public sector units.
As a liberalisation measure, policy abolished the practice of getting licenses by the private sector for starting a new venture in India. This allows more private companies to come forward to invest in the industrial sector.
To promote globalisation, import and export duties were reduced. Long term trade policies were implemented with reduced foreign trade restrictions.
The new economic policy recommended structural reforms and measures to control inflation. The policy focused on increasing international market competitiveness by allowing the entry of foreign companies. The policy reduced control and reservation by the government in different sectors and allowed more participation of private companies to help in growth and profitability.
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