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Alluvial soil is found in India, in the northern part of India, basically in the foothills of the Himalayas. Alluvial soil is loamy, fertile, and potash-rich soil. Here are the characteristics of alluvial soil: Water retention capacity and loamy soil: The alluvial soil has a high water retention capRead more
Alluvial soil is found in India, in the northern part of India, basically in the foothills of the Himalayas. Alluvial soil is loamy, fertile, and potash-rich soil.
Here are the characteristics of alluvial soil:
Water retention capacity and loamy soil: The alluvial soil has a high water retention capacity to absorb water.
Good for agricultural use and very fertile in nature: Most of the northern area depends on agriculture due to the good fertile soil available in this area.
Formed by the deposition of rivers and wind: From the Himalayas, the hill particles come and deposit in the foothills due to deposition and weathering.
Composition: Alluvial soil is generally in the form of fine particles of sand, silt, etc, with a high quantity of potash.
Subtypes:
Bhabar: Coarse sand and gravel deposited by rivers. Generally, big particles as compared to other particles. Found in the foothills of the Himalayas.
Terai: Near the foothills and lower than Bhabar with finer alluvial deposits.
Bhangar: The older alluvial soil due to the deposition of rivers; it is less fertile as compared to Khadar soil.
Khadar: The newer and more fertile soil, changes over time, and is found in floodplains of rivers and nearby the delta region.
Climatology, the study of climate and its changes over time, plays a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of the atmospheric conditions that drive weather patterns and temperature variations. Historically, early speculative assessments of climatic conditions were essential for human sustenancRead more
Climatology, the study of climate and its changes over time, plays a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of the atmospheric conditions that drive weather patterns and temperature variations. Historically, early speculative assessments of climatic conditions were essential for human sustenance and survival. The evolution of climatology has led to significant scientific achievements, such as mapping trade winds, explaining the effects of Earth’s rotation, and analyzing planetary wind circulation models. Notable discoveries include Louis Agassiz’s identification of the Ice Age in Europe and the classification of climates by scholars like Koppen, Thornthwaite, Trewartha, and Stamp. These scientific advancements have laid the foundation for a deeper understanding of our planet’s climate systems.
The importance of climatology to society is further underscored by technological advancements and predictive capabilities. World War II provided a scientific basis for understanding upper air circulations and climate models, leading to research on jet streams and ocean-atmosphere interactions. The use of computers and remote sensing has revolutionized data processing, while collaborative climate research expeditions like MONEX, NOAA, and COARE have expanded our knowledge. Predictive capabilities, such as forecasting ENSO and IOD phenomena, developing climate models for extreme weather conditions, and tracking cyclones, have significantly enhanced community preparedness and hazard mitigation. The advent of polar and geostationary weather satellites, along with GPS and GIS applications, has further improved climate research. Global coordination by meteorological departments, and organizations like the WMO and IPCC, has raised awareness about global warming and climate change, highlighting climatology’s vital role in addressing these pressing issues and ensuring societal resilience.
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