Despite India being one of the countries of Gondwanaland, its mining industry contributes much less to its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in percentage. Discuss.
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India's Renewable Energy Status and Targets Current Status of Renewable Energy India has achieved considerable success in renewable energy, ranking as the world's 3rd largest producer. In 2023, India's installed renewable energy capacity is 179.5 GW, which comprises: - Solar Power: ~72 GW - Wind EneRead more
India’s Renewable Energy Status and Targets Current Status of Renewable Energy
India has achieved considerable success in renewable energy, ranking as the world’s 3rd largest producer. In 2023, India’s installed renewable energy capacity is 179.5 GW, which comprises:
– Solar Power: ~72 GW
– Wind Energy: ~46 GW
– Bioenergy: ~10 GW
– Small Hydro: ~5 GW
Targets to be Achieved
India aims to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 to meet its Net Zero emissions target by 2070. The key goals include:
– 175 GW renewable energy by 2022 (achieved ~120 GW).
– 450 GW by 2030, revised to 500 GW under COP26 commitments.
– Increasing solar energy through schemes like PM-KUSUM and the
Rooftop Solar Programme.
Significance of the National Programme on LEDs LED, which aims at the provision of an essential reduction in energy usage by LEDs. They have distributed over 37 crore LED bulbs while saving annually around 48 billion kWh.
There has been a reduction in CO₂ emissions by almost ~39 million tons annually.
Promotes energy efficiency, reduces electricity bills, and enhances sustainability.
India’s renewable energy push and adoption of LED is critical for the country’s energy security and sustainability. Strong implementation will ensure a cleaner, greener future.
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India is a mineral-rich country and a part of ancient Gondwanaland, with an abundance of resources hidden beneath it's soil, still struggles to make significant contributions to its GDP through its mining industry, despite the vast potential. Mining Industry of India India's mining industry, a vitalRead more
India is a mineral-rich country and a part of ancient Gondwanaland, with an abundance of resources hidden beneath it’s soil, still struggles to make significant contributions to its GDP through its mining industry, despite the vast potential.
Mining Industry of India
India’s mining industry, a vital sector, extracts minerals and ores contributing significantly to GDP. GDP contribution of the mining industry varies from 1.80℅ to 1.90℅ (at current price), it is approximately 10℅ of all industrial contribution to GDP. But it is a very least contribution, despite having a large availability of geological reserves. for Instance – according to data ( ministry of coal,2024) we have 352.13 billion mt coal reserves and we have extracted its 0.28℅ only till now.
Reasons behind least contribution –
- limited Exploration and Extraction – mineral resources remain under-explored and under-extracted, hindering industry growth. for example – India has significant iron ore resources, but extraction rates (1.13℅ of total reserves) are low due to lack of exploration.
- Environmental Issues – mining’s adverse environmental impact makes the society and government cautious. It is a resistance for growing industry. for example – Vedanta copper smelting plant in Tamil Nadu highlights the Environment concerns.
- Dependence on Imported Minerals – India lacks certain minerals, relying on imports. for instance – India imports most of it’s Gold and Silver from UAE , despite having significant reserves.
- Lack of Technological advancement – the industry’s efficiency and productivity suffer due to inadequate technological adoption. for instance – India still uses traditional methods for coal mining, whereas advanced countries use mechanized mining.
- Regulatory hurdles – Stringent laws and policies regulate the mining industry, stifling it’s development. For instance – Supreme Court of India suspended iron ore mining in Goa due to environment concerns and Legal hurdles.
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