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Ethics in Public Administration

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Home/Ethics/Ethics in Public Administration/Page 38

Mains Answer Writing Latest Questions

Sandra
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SandraBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: , , , , , , , , , , , ,
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Do we truly possess free will, or is it merely an illusion of choice?

question
  1. Dhruv M
    Dhruv M Begginer

    The question of whether we actually have free will or whether it is, inversely, only an illusion of choice has been part of the philosophers' debate for years. One way, it is assumed that free will is an illusion driven by neurological and psychological, that our choices are sculpted by a combinatioRead more

    The question of whether we actually have free will or whether it is, inversely, only an illusion of choice has been part of the philosophers’ debate for years. One way, it is assumed that free will is an illusion driven by neurological and psychological, that our choices are sculpted by a combination of genetics, environment, and prior experiences—leaving very little room for autonomous decision-making.

    Although free-will theorists agree that all these factors have an influence, a person still has the capacity to make choices and exercise personal agency. They propose that even though manifold factors have an influence on our decisions, reflection, deliberation, and the act in accordance with values are characteristics pointing to the reality of free will.

    It has been shown neuroscientifically that brain activity can set choices before we consciously become aware of them; some have used this as a case against free will. Others, however, argue that consciousness performs the role of shaping and justifying choices, even if it does not initiate them.

    Ultimately, the argument is still very far from resolution.

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Sabana Yasmin
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Sabana YasminBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: ,
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amendmentscriminal lawsindian lawsnew laws
  1. RISHABH K
    RISHABH K Begginer

    The new criminal laws in India, encapsulated in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), introduce several significant changes:The new criminal laws in India, encapsulated in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya NagaRead more

    The new criminal laws in India, encapsulated in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), introduce several significant changes:The new criminal laws in India, encapsulated in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), introduce several significant changes:

     

    ### Major Changes

     

    1. **Simplification and Modernization**: The above new laws relate to the attempts to streamline the legal environment, deregulate it and make appropriate adjustments to the current legislation.

    2. **Victim-Centered Approach**: Deeper commitment to the rights and assistance for victims as well as their compensation.

    3. **Witness Protection**: Better protection laws for the witnesses so that the witnesses could be trusted and could provide their statements safely.

    4. **Digitization and Efficiency**: Higher use of digital workflow and shorter time of case handling.

    5. **Revised Penal Provisions**: New descriptions and severity of penalties on different offences as well as new classes of criminal activities.

    6. **Abolition of Archaic Laws**: As the slavish imitations of the colonial structure are no longer appropriate for the modern societies, many sections of laws containing colonial relics are undergoing change on social grounds.

     

    ### Major Controversies

     

    1. **Implementation Challenges**: Fears regarding the applicability of the new laws pres on the current existing structures and resource available in implementing centers.

    2. **Potential for Misuse**: Concerns are raised over the abuse of provisions and it is again the national security and public order section that draws much criticism.

    3. **Privacy Concerns**: The provisions concerning surveillance and data collection contribute to the privacy concerns and ideas of state intrusion.

    4. **Ambiguity and Interpretation**: Some provisions are considered vague to the extent that different actions may be taken on them and therefore may be violated or enforced differently.

    5. **Adequate Training**: Overcoming probable shortcoming in implementing the new laws and ensuring that members of the law enforcement agencies and judicial systems are properly equipped to implement the laws.

     

    It is clear that the new criminal laws have tried to introduce a more efficient and fair justice system, but the problem is with the methods used in implementing them, misunderstanding in perverting them into the opposite of what they are intended to be, and offences against the right to privacy.

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Vanshi Saini
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Vanshi SainiBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In:
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Cybersecurity awareness training is crucial for employees. What are some effective training methods to educate staff?

businesscyberquestion
  1. Anshul 0007
    Anshul 0007 Begginer

    Effective cybersecurity awareness training methods for employees include:   1. Interactive simulations: Mock phishing attacks or simulated ransomware attacks to test employee responses.   2. Gamification: Engaging, competitive training programs that reward employees for completing cybersecRead more

    Effective cybersecurity awareness training methods for employees include:

     

    1. Interactive simulations: Mock phishing attacks or simulated ransomware attacks to test employee responses.

     

    2. Gamification: Engaging, competitive training programs that reward employees for completing cybersecurity tasks.

     

    3. Real-life scenarios: Using real-world examples to illustrate cybersecurity risks and best practices.

     

    4. Regular updates and alerts: Keeping employees informed about emerging threats and vulnerabilities.

     

    5. Role-based training: Tailoring training to specific job roles and responsibilities.

     

    6. Microlearning: Bite-sized training modules for easy digestion.

     

    7. Human-centered approach: Focusing on employee behavior and psychology to drive cybersecurity decisions.

     

    8. Collaborative training: Encouraging teamwork and discussion to solve cybersecurity challenges.

     

    9. Continuous assessment: Regularly evaluating employee knowledge and awareness.

     

    10. Phishing exercises: Testing employees’ ability to identify and report suspicious emails.

     

    Remember, cybersecurity awareness training should be engaging, relatable, and ongoing to effectively empower employees against cyber threats.

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Vanshi Saini
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Vanshi SainiBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: ,
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What are some everyday habits that can help improve my personal cybersecurity posture?

cybercyberspacecyberworldethicalquestion
  1. P. Dharshini
    P. Dharshini Begginer
    This answer was edited.

    1. Utilize Password Managers: Use a password manager to generate and store complex passwords, ensuring you don't reuse passwords across different sites. 2. Keep Your Software Patched: Regularly update all your devices and software to patch vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers. 3. PraRead more

    1. Utilize Password Managers: Use a password manager to generate and store complex passwords, ensuring you don’t reuse passwords across different sites.

    2. Keep Your Software Patched: Regularly update all your devices and software to patch vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers.

    3. Practice Safe Browsing: Avoid clicking on suspicious links or downloading files from unknown sources to prevent malware infections.

    4. Educate Yourself on Cybersecurity: Take online courses or read up on cybersecurity to stay informed about the latest threats and best practices.

    5. Secure Your Home Network: Change the default passwords on your router and enable network encryption to protect your Wi-Fi network.

    6. Monitor Your Accounts: Regularly check your bank and credit card statements for any unauthorized transactions.

    7. Use Antivirus Software: Install and regularly update antivirus software to protect your devices from malware and other threats.

    8. Limit Access to Sensitive Information: Only share personal information on secure, trusted websites and platforms.

    9. Be Cautious with Email Attachments: Avoid opening email attachments from unknown or untrusted sources, as they may contain malware.

    10. Log Out When Done: Always log out of your accounts when you’re finished, especially on shared or public computers.

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Rakshita Malviya
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Rakshita MalviyaBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: , , , ,
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  1. Sagar soni
    Sagar soni Begginer

    Honesty, on the other hand, refers to the act of telling the truth, even when it is difficult or uncomfortable. It involves being transparent, authentic, and sincere in one's words and actions. Honesty is critical for a public servant because it builds trust with the public and ensures that they canRead more

    Honesty, on the other hand, refers to the act of telling the truth, even when it is difficult or uncomfortable. It involves being transparent, authentic, and sincere in one’s words and actions. Honesty is critical for a public servant because it builds trust with the public and ensures that they can rely on the information provided.

    The importance of integrity and honesty for a public servant cannot be overstated. Here are some reasons why:

    1. Builds trust: Integrity and honesty build trust with the public, which is essential for a public servant. When citizens believe that their leaders are honest and transparent, they are more likely to support their decisions and initiatives.
    2. Maintains credibility: A public servant with integrity and honesty maintains their credibility with the public and their peers. This credibility is critical for building a strong reputation and achieving success in their role.
    3. Fosters accountability: Integrity and honesty promote accountability among public servants. When they are held accountable for their actions and decisions, they are more likely to take responsibility for their mistakes and make amends.
    4. Encourages transparency: Integrity and honesty promote transparency in government operations. When public servants are truthful and transparent, they create an environment where citizens can hold them accountable and trust that they are acting in the best interests of the public.
    5. Prevents corruption: Integrity and honesty help prevent corruption by creating an environment where public servants are less likely to engage in unethical behavior.
    6. Enhances effectiveness: Public servants with integrity and honesty are more effective in their roles because they are able to make decisions based on what is best for the public, rather than personal gain or self-interest.
    7. Sets an example: Public servants with integrity and honesty set an example for others to follow. They demonstrate that these values are important and can be practiced in their daily work.
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Anonymous
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Anonymous
Asked: July 18, 2024In: ,
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question
  1. Sabana Yasmin
    Sabana Yasmin Begginer

    Artificial Intelligence or AI is a simulation of human intelligence in machines that can learn and think like humans. AI-integrated programs are designed to complete tasks like visual perception, text generation, speech recognition, decision-making, etc. to increase productivity and cut costs. TypesRead more

    Artificial Intelligence or AI is a simulation of human intelligence in machines that can learn and think like humans. AI-integrated programs are designed to complete tasks like visual perception, text generation, speech recognition, decision-making, etc. to increase productivity and cut costs.

    Types of AI:

    1. Narrow AI – Able to perform one task (Examples: Siri, Alexa, etc.)
    2. General AI – Possesses human intelligence and can solve intellectual tasks(Examples: Sophia by Hanson Robotics)
    3. Superintelligent AI – Beyond human intelligence (Examples: Skynet from the Terminator Series)

    How Is AI Performing to Generate Wealth?

    1. High-Productivity: The ability to work with a bullet speed without being tired, is the key advantage of  AI. Companies are using AI programs for repetitive work that can be done without human intelligence, leading to generating more work by cutting costs and increasing revenue.
    2. Innovation and Effectiveness: AI supports innovations and makes a process systematic to provide effective results. For example, companies like CropIn are leveraging AI for sustainable agriculture that reduces losses and assists in making informed decisions.
    3. AI in BFSI (Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance): The BFSI sector is using AI effectively to detect fraud, aiming to deliver economic stability and financial security. For instance, Paytm employs AI to work on fraud detection, credit scoring, and personalized financial services. 

     

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Tisha Singh
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Tisha SinghBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: , , ,
  • 1

  1. SAUMYA MISHRA
    SAUMYA MISHRA Begginer
    This answer was edited.

    "Andha Yug", written by Dharamvir Bharati, is a seminal work in Indian literature that delves deep into the moral and ethical decline during the final days of the Mahabharata war. Set in the aftermath of the battle of Kurukshetra, the play portrays the disintegration of values and the rise of chaosRead more

    “Andha Yug“, written by Dharamvir Bharati, is a seminal work in Indian literature that delves deep into the moral and ethical decline during the final days of the Mahabharata war. Set in the aftermath of the battle of Kurukshetra, the play portrays the disintegration of values and the rise of chaos and despair. Here are some key aspects of the destruction of ethical values in “Andha Yug”:

    Moral Decay in Leadership – 

    • Dhritarashtra and Gandhari: The blind king Dhritarashtra and his wife Gandhari symbolize the moral blindness that pervades the leadership. Dhritarashtra’s inability to take a stand against his son Duryodhana’s unethical actions leads to the war’s catastrophic consequences. Gandhari, though virtuous, curses Krishna, showcasing the pervasive sense of despair and loss of faith.
    • Ashwatthama: His decision to unleash the Narayanastra and later the Brahmastra, despite knowing the devastating consequences, highlights the erosion of ethical values even among respected warriors and scholars.
    • Krishna: Krishna, often seen as the embodiment of dharma (righteousness), engages in acts of deception to ensure the Pandavas’ victory. His actions, such as advising Yudhishthira to lie about Ashwatthama’s death and facilitating Bhima’s killing of Duryodhana through an unethical blow, reflect the complex interplay between dharma and adharma (unrighteousness) in times of war.

    The pervasive sense of hopelessness and despair among the characters signifies the ultimate destruction of ethical values. The survivors are left to grapple with the meaninglessness of their actions and the irreversible consequences of their moral failures.

    Symbolism of Darkness and Blindness – 

    The title “Andha Yug” itself is a metaphor for the blindness to moral and ethical values. The play’s characters, driven by anger, revenge, and despair, fail to see the path of righteousness, leading to their downfall.

    Critique of War – 

    Bharati critiques the war’s dehumanizing effects, showing how it corrupts even the most virtuous individuals. The ethical and moral degradation is evident in the ruthless killings, the use of deceit, and the abandonment of dharma.

     

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Muskan Patel
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Muskan PatelBegginer
Asked: July 18, 2024In: , , , , ,
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1 what is the various types of disaster management and why it is affected and how to control disaster?

  1. Anita Dhruw
    Anita Dhruw Legend

    There are four major phases of disaster management: The measures of disaster management include mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. In a like manner, all of the phases are useful in managing the risks and conserving lives and in the disaster recovery process. 1. Mitigation: This one hasRead more

    There are four major phases of disaster management: The measures of disaster management include mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. In a like manner, all of the phases are useful in managing the risks and conserving lives and in the disaster recovery process.

    1. Mitigation: This one has steps that focus on risk reduction by enhanced structure including infrastructure, act and zoning laws and protection to the environment which may involve creating barriers against floods or placing buildings in cas.
    2. Preparedness: This belongs to the preparedness SA measures which entail the establishment of early warning system, first responders training, practice of mock drills and formulation of evacuation plans. Community and responder awareness and readiness is provided by preparedness, in order to minimize the number of fatalities and reduce confusion.
    3. Response: This include action the moment and just after the disaster; may this be search and rescue, medical help, shelter and food among others. The first result will be the avoidance of the minimum of losses and the stabilization of the given situation.
    This will entail reconstruction of the structures that were destroyed; reconciliations, reconstruction, and reconstruction of the sources of income; rehabilitation of the mental and psychological. Stability will happen in the communities also it will pass lessons learned to build capacities against future vulnerabilities; recovery will happen.

    Some of the problems that affect coordination in disaster management are; These problems are due to complexities, limitation of resources and uncertainty. The challenges can be addressed through the improvement of infrastructure, enhanced early warning system, education, implementation of land use regulation and required cooperation. Affirmatively managed disasters that integrate all these strategies correspondingly enhance community resilience, mitigate emerging consequences, advance quicker and more secure recovery.

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