As a member of the Flavivirus family, the Zika virus is mostly spread by Aedes mosquitoes, specifically Aedes aegypti. It was originally discovered in 1947 on a rhesus monkey in Uganda’s Zika Forest. It is true that the virus has spread to many parts of Asia and Africa.

The Zika virus outbreak exposed a number of important obstacles to treating and preventing the illness:

• Absence of vaccinations and Antiviral Medicines
• Risk of Global Spread
• Given the possibility that Zika could cause serious birth problems like microcephaly, effective preventative measures were essential, especially for women who were of reproductive age.

To limit the impact of the Zika virus and prepare for future outbreaks, addressing these difficulties required a multifaceted approach comprising increased research, stronger public health measures, and international cooperation.

Zika virus outbreak, which attracted attention globally, had a big influence on global health policies which are discussed below:

• Public health surveillance: In order to promptly identify and address newly emerging infectious diseases, enhanced monitoring systems are important, as demonstrated by the outbreak. As a result, many nations improved their reporting and monitoring frameworks.
• Vector Control: Since mosquitoes spread the Zika virus, more money has been allocated to vector control initiatives. Improved mosquito control strategies, such as the application of pesticides, the removal of mosquito breeding grounds, and community involvement in preventative initiatives, were advocated.
• International Cooperation: The pandemic made clear how crucial it is for nations to work together to manage the risks associated with infectious diseases. Coordination of international response activities and information exchange were greatly aided by organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO).
• Health Advice and Recommendations: In reaction to the outbreak, health organizations revised their advice on pregnancy, travel, and mosquito prevention. Pregnant women were specifically advised to follow these guidelines because of the potential for serious birth abnormalities.

All things considered, the Zika virus spread resulted in stronger public health regulations, increased readiness, and a greater focus on international collaboration and research.