• WTO ( World Trade Organization) and its function is to control and maintain trade across the world.
• This organization makes the rules for trading between countries at present 159 countries are the member of WTO.
• WTO membership led to trade liberalization , increasing foreign competition and encouraging Indian industries to become more competitive.
• WTO agreements help to increase its exports particularly in sectors like IT, Pharmaceuticals and textiles .
• Increased imports led to greater competition in the domestic market benefiting consumers.
• WTO membership attracted foreign investment , as India’s trade policies became more predictable.
• WTO helped India resolve trade dispute with other Countries.
• It helped in agriculture with debates around subsidies , tariffs and market access.
• overall it contributed in India’s economic growth , increased trade and foreign investment .

Food security in India

• Half of India’s population is hungry or malnourished.
• Many children are born with low birth weight due to lack of nutrition .
• People don’t have access to enough nutritious food.
• Food prices are high and unpredictable.
• people don’t know they will eat next meal or not.
• Food waste is high , while people go hungry.
• Climate change affects crop yields and food availability.
• Food distribution is unequal , with some areas having too little.
• Food security will ensure everyone has enough nutritious food.

Due to Food Security India will eradicate hunger and poverty  and provide nutritious food to everyone.Reduce poverty and inequality.Store food properly and avoid unnecessary cooking.Trying to make new recipe with leftover foods. Donating your extra food to needy. Build a strong and productive workforce.

1. The main motto of new National Education policy [NEP] 2024 is to universalize education and make India a global knowledge superpower.
2. To transform India into one of the world’s top knowledge economies.
3. This policy enshrines the government’s commitment of providing equal quality education standard for all citizens with no discrimination of their social economic background or area of residence.
4. The NEP aim to provide equal quality education to all children with an equal opportunity .
5. Raising the quality of education at all levels is one of the pillars. It focus on quality learning critical  thinking  and problem solving.
6. The pattern of education initiated by the 5+3+3+4 pattern implies that schooling will last for twelve years, and the Anganwadi or pre-schooling would take three years.
7. The current NEP 2024 helps in preparing students to be employers in the future for a world that is transformed in terms of job markets.
8. Early Childhood Care and Education have a right priority since it guarantees every child a strong foundation.
9. Some of the practices intended to support sustainable professional learning are normally used as continuous professional development and training modules aimed at en training teachers with new models and approaches.
10. Its the use of technology in platforms such as DIKSHA to ensure appropriate education for every child is achieved.

Bush

Bush fire in Australia

The bush fire in Australia are recurring natural disaster that can have devastating effects on the environment , wildlife and communities.

Due to various factors that can cause bush fire –

• Lightning strikes .
• Human activities.
• Drought and climate change.
• Strong winds and heatwaves.

It can effect on –

• Due to this there is loss in biodiversity , destruction of habitats and soil erosion.
• It can effect on life of human being and also loss and damage of property.
• It can cause injury and death of animals and there is also displacement and migration .

Amazon rain forest  in Brazil

• Amazon rain forest is the largest tropical rain forest in the world. It cover 5.5 million square kilometers across nine countries in South America including Brazil , Peru , Columbia and others.
• Permanent loss of forest cover leading to habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity .
• Release of toxic gases particles and soot into the air and water.
• Increase green house gas emissions , contributing to global warming .
• Soil degradation and disruption of water cycles.

It is mostly cause by-

• Deforestation for agriculture , livestock and logging.
• Intentional setting of fires for land clearing and other purposes.
• Climate change induced drought and heat waves.
• Clearing of land for urbanization , infrastructure development and other purposes.

It can effects on-

• There is loss in bio diversity, habitat destruction and increased greenhouse gas emissions
• Impact on Eco -tourism , agriculture and forestry industries.
• Irreversible loss of plants and animals species.
• Global warming and extreme weather events.

According to the All India Services (Conduct) Rules, 1968, every member of the service shall maintain:

• Integrity – Be honest and transparent in all actions.
• Impartiality- Make decisions based on merits , without bias and favoritism
• Accountability-Take responsibilities of decisions and actions.
• Treat other with dignity and respect.
• Maintain a high level of competence and expertise.
• Be loyal to the organization and the public interest.
• Work efficiently and effectively.
• Protect sensitive information.                                                                                                                                   Conduct Rules-

1. Maintain political neutrality avoid political activities and biases.
2. Disclose personal assets and interest to avoid conflicts.
3. A legally enforceable code of conduct sets out the standards of behavior expected of those working in the public service.
4. The Civil Service code outlines the Civil Service’s core values, and the standards of behavior expected of all civil servants in upholding these values.
5. In India, the current set of ethical norms are the Conduct Rules, contained in the Central Services (Conduct) Rules, 1964 and analogous rules applicable to members of the All India Services or employees of various State Governments.
6. The code of behavior as enunciated in the Conduct Rules contain general norms like ‘maintaining integrity and absolute devotion to duty’
7. These conduct rules do not constitute a code of ethics.
8. Speak up against wrongdoing and unethical behavior.