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How did the British approach to law and order influence civil rights and liberties in India?
The British, when they were in charge of India, brought about a lot of changes in the way laws functioned. They created a system that helped organize the rules and how courts operated, which still helps India today. This system made sure that everyone had to follow the same laws and included some riRead more
The British, when they were in charge of India, brought about a lot of changes in the way laws functioned. They created a system that helped organize the rules and how courts operated, which still helps India today. This system made sure that everyone had to follow the same laws and included some rights that protect people, like the right to not be unfairly arrested. However, the British also put many rules that limited people’s freedoms.
The British legislation in India was primarily to hold people captive and not allow them to raise their voices against the government. For instance, the Rowlatt Act, where the government could imprison people without a fair trial, which was not just. Another act, Sedition Act, made it illegal to utter anything controversial about the British rulers. It did not allow people to make speeches on newspapers, convening one another, among other issues, thus witnessing too many unfair treatments of man, these laws.
These set many Indians against the established rules and helped them in wanting to fight for freedom from control by the British. Man leaders asked for freedom coupled with a return to being treated as equals, according to the rights of others like them. The British did enact some good helpful laws in rights but were trying to govern and restrict the people at their own behest. So, India had to later on change many of those strict laws to ensure that everybody could have more freedom for a fair life.
See lessList and explain the administrativ policies.
Indian administrative polices are numerous and broad ranging to address a variety of policy measures for proper administration, disclosure, social uplift and growth. Here is an overview of some of the important policies: 1. Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005: This act allows the citizens freemen aRead more
Indian administrative polices are numerous and broad ranging to address a variety of policy measures for proper administration, disclosure, social uplift and growth. Here is an overview of some of the important policies:
1. Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005: This act allows the citizens freemen and women to demand information from the government departments for purposes of exercising accountability. It facilitates the disclosure of information by availing the records of the government to the public, thus eradicating corruption, and increasing the intelligence of the people.
2. Public Distribution System (PDS): The aim of this policy is to sell rice and wheat and kerosene at subsidized rates through about three lakh fair price shops. It keeps the nation fed especially for the vulnerable groups and also decreases the rate of hunger.
3. Digital India Policy: This policy turned India into digitally capable country & offered such steps of eradicating & enhancing virtual tools like governance initiatives, enhancing the digital knowledge, & effective governance access.
4. GST Policy: This will be an integrated indirect tax structure since it will eliminate several taxes; it will ease the mechanism of compliance; it will reduce the cost of compliance; and it will further enhance the movement of goods from one state to another.
5. Reservation in admission in Central educational institutions and in the services under the Central government for the SCs, STs, and the OBCs. They are given as, Efforts to redress historical imbalances to achieve the goals of growth for all persons as among the objectives contained in the policy.
6. Environmental Policy: Some of the laws and guidelines that make the policy include protection of natural resources, checkpoint on pollution and development of sustainable policies. It is done for industries and there are repercussion of noncompliance with policies of environment clearance.
7. Labour Welfare Policies: These are legal provisions that guaranty the employee’s rights relating to wages structure, remunerations, and conditions of service, and social security privileges.
They are the foundations of bureaucracies in India, which support the government in its process of social justice, economic growth, and good stewardship.
See lessWhat is the main objective of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) policy in India?
The GST policy of India aims to develop one single and overall indirect tax that replaces many indirect taxes that were formerly imposed by the central as well as state departments. This includes comprehensive tax systems which have replaced taxes like VAT, excise duty, service tax etc., thus makingRead more
The GST policy of India aims to develop one single and overall indirect tax that replaces many indirect taxes that were formerly imposed by the central as well as state departments. This includes comprehensive tax systems which have replaced taxes like VAT, excise duty, service tax etc., thus making it easier both for the firms and government in their respective workability of managing taxation systems.
This eliminates tax-on-tax, and therefore it’s less painful for the consumer. It helps promote a common national market as states are set a uniform structure of taxes and a company can extend all operations to any part of the country. Furthermore, through GST, it brings in increased transparency of the tax regime and curtails tax arbitrariness. All these simplified and efficient tax structure in the long run promotes economic growth, enhances the Doing Business rating, as well as expanding the tax base to get optimum tax compliance.
See lessHow does the organization ensure that all employees are aware of and understand the administrative policies?
Administrative policies are clearly and effectively communicated in an organization so that the employee has full knowledge about the issue and always reminded of those. A contract is signed by newly hired employees through which at the time of enrollment they are explained what corporate policies aRead more
Administrative policies are clearly and effectively communicated in an organization so that the employee has full knowledge about the issue and always reminded of those. A contract is signed by newly hired employees through which at the time of enrollment they are explained what corporate policies are; they receive a policy on paper by giving it into the company policy handbook or some resourceful manner. A cycle of training or workshop is conducted periodically to enhance the knowledge, especially for sensitive areas such as ethics or safety or conduct.
For constant reactivation strategies, an organization may employ email newsletters, intranets and bulletin boards to make constant policy announcements and alerts. Managers also help to disseminate information and also respond to questions during team meetings. Furthermore, employers can demand that employees write down their acceptance by signing receipts that will show that they have read and agreed to be bound by the respective policies. Several types of tests—quizzes or even comment cards—administered at set intervals merely serve to measure how much one learns and keeps everyone abreast of the company’s norms to which they are supposed to conform.
See lessAssess the implications of the British judicial system on Indian legal traditions and practices.
The British influenced Indian laws by bringing the concept of legal structures in the Indian judicial system, with numerous structural changes to represent India's laws ever. Socio-religious laws and customs with Hindu and Muslim laws were followed before the British introduced the legal system In IRead more
The British influenced Indian laws by bringing the concept of legal structures in the Indian judicial system, with numerous structural changes to represent India’s laws ever. Socio-religious laws and customs with Hindu and Muslim laws were followed before the British introduced the legal system In India, the judicial system of India was tradition based communal judicial system. But British colonization also introduced English courts, statutory laws and codes, legal systems that modern India has built its laws on.
According to one of the implications, traditional and customary law diminished over the years because British courts recognized only codified laws. Personal laws regarding marriage, property heir etc., remained intact for religious sects, but common as well as criminal laws were codified on the British model. At times, the system was least harmonious with the Indian customs and traditions and caused apparent social and legal problems especially in context of private laws such as property laws and family laws.
Britain’s legal-political reforms for the colonies consisted of written records, evident hierarchy in judiciaries, and legal professionals altered Indian laws by bringing a systematic rule of laws. Thus, brought more standardization; also gave origin to a bureaucratic and time-consuming process, that even at times was offbeat from the common man and is still British in the case of Indian legal structure or courts, legal process but its social, cultural setting for India has also been covered.
See lessDoes India needs a " National Security Strategy (NSS)" and what are the challenges in for it's implementation?
Although it is agreeable that India does require a National Security Strategy (NSS) for managing its security environment, both external and internal, from threats from aggressive neighbor countries, internal insurgencies, cyber security threats and other regional instabilities. An NSS would offer aRead more
Although it is agreeable that India does require a National Security Strategy (NSS) for managing its security environment, both external and internal, from threats from aggressive neighbor countries, internal insurgencies, cyber security threats and other regional instabilities. An NSS would offer a structure for integrating the defense, intelligence and law enforcement branches of government for organized goal-directed counterterrorism activity. It would also enrich India’s diplomacy speaking points by understanding its security interests and approaches.
That is, the problems of an NSS are deep-rooted in the gigantic bureaucracy and coordination between agencies that oversee the process. However, the meeting of defense requirements with the economy results in funding complications. Political and electoral transferring and shifting may cause an interruption in security management. Also, central power and states are meant to create the appropriate cooperation because states manage specific affairs concerning internal security, like extremism or bordering in some areas. An NSS is feasible only when it can overcome these; this will be possible as its analytical and anticipatory capability to address emerging threats for India will be boosted up.
See lessExplain the Feminism.
"Feminist" are terms that assert women's rights, their dignity, and encouragement of violence free society. They make people question those stigmas, advocate for equal rights for women, and equality. Some examples of these words include Empowerment, equality, equity, and choice of all genders. A femRead more
“Feminist” are terms that assert women’s rights, their dignity, and encouragement of violence free society. They make people question those stigmas, advocate for equal rights for women, and equality. Some examples of these words include Empowerment, equality, equity, and choice of all genders.
A feminist is one who, be man or woman, has faith in and advocates the cause of women/womankind. Feminist endeavors to remove prejudice in society, equity in the workplace and at school and respect the person’s decision. They firmly stand for changes in gender stereotype and support equal rights, duties, and chances for both men and women.
See lessWhich has higher salary opportunities – Python or Java?
In most cases, Python is even more paying than Java especially in sectors such as the data science, machine learning, AI among others. That said, Java roles, especially in the field of enterprise software and Android are paid as well. While Python is currently used in new technologies and is easierRead more
In most cases, Python is even more paying than Java especially in sectors such as the data science, machine learning, AI among others. That said, Java roles, especially in the field of enterprise software and Android are paid as well. While Python is currently used in new technologies and is easier for automation and data work, it might be more paid; however, both languages can reveal high pay when the mentioned criteria are fulfilled.
See lessAccountability & Ethical Governance
Accountability and ethical governance form the cornerstones of any civil service because they foster confidence, integrity, and minimize loss of public resources. Accountability enables the public official to explain the actions taken by him in practice since decisions must be made in fulfillment ofRead more
Accountability and ethical governance form the cornerstones of any civil service because they foster confidence, integrity, and minimize loss of public resources. Accountability enables the public official to explain the actions taken by him in practice since decisions must be made in fulfillment of the public interest and law. Ethical governance involves immediate and other-ranking officials who uphold accountable, just, responsive, and professional standards of integrity and citizens’ rights-oriented behaviors as they discharge duties that focus on the common good.
The said principles help in efficient administration by promoting responsibility, discouraging corruption and encouraging the citizen to participate. Building people’s trust in the institutions, they make sure that what governments do is legal and ethical.
To uphold these values, the following measures are considered:
1. Tough Regulations:
Codes of ethical benchmark and accountability should clearly be spelled out in regulations and laws.
Creation of independent bodies such as anti-corruption commissions and ombudsmen fulfill the role of checks and balances in cases of unethical conduct.
3. Open Data Mechanisms:
Willingness and actual transparency of open data, self-organized check-ups, and timely public reporting can make government activities visible for the public.
4. Citizen Involvement:
Public consultations and feedback mechanisms have positive effects of including citizens in the decision-making processes increase transparency.
5. Protection of whistleblowers:
Protection of whistleblowers is a possibility of a man who has found or discovered some form of corruption or malpractice reporting on the vice without some reaction from the culprits of the vice.
All these measures preserve responsibility among public institutions, and businesslike honesty of them, people’s trust and proper organization of the process of administration.
See lessState and evaluate the role of economic planning in India under the new economic policy. [Answer Limit: 250 Words] [UKPSC 2012]
India's planning began since independence with Planning Commission and now with NITI Aayog has planned the development planning of the country. The earlier structure of India's economic planning was the mixed economy, this was because the country developed plans to encourage the growth of public secRead more
India’s planning began since independence with Planning Commission and now with NITI Aayog has planned the development planning of the country. The earlier structure of India’s economic planning was the mixed economy, this was because the country developed plans to encourage the growth of public sectors, industrialization, and the attainment of the policy of self-reliance. In the series of several five-year plans, developmental efforts were aimed at removing poverty, generating employment and balancing regional grows. CSP contributed to the actual construction of infrastructure and betterment of states in agriculture, it also provoked the growth of public sector through required services. However, the approach also created bureaucracy, legalisation of productive processes and inhibition of private business.
The liberalization reforms of 1991 introduced the basis of a new thinking about India’s future economic scenario, which would be termed of a paradigm shift. These reforms threw India toward market liberalization, deregulation, globalization, and inviting foreign and private investment. Thus, under this strategy, the character of economic planning change from control to the provision of support. The creation of NITI Aayog in 2015 brought about a structural shift in planning because it thenceforth focuses on cooperative federalism, innovation, and strategic, rather than state, planning.
NITI Aayog functions as a policy planning body presently and works toward preparing and implementing states specific policy and facilitating and supporting goals toward sustainable development while promoting the private sector’s development. This relates economic planning to the contemporary demands of economic growth involving skills, the digital economy, and ecology. Thus, adaptive planning has created economic growth and reduction of poverty and India opened for global economy. However, several issues persist in the way of bringing social closeness; regional disparities; and balancing environmental problems and economic growth. The Indian economy’s planning time and again changes, reflecting these ideas as it introduces flexibility and inclusiveness to achieve stable and sustainable development.
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