India’s mediation efforts in resolving regional conflicts and disputes, such as the political crisis in the Maldives and the Rohingya refugee crisis in Bangladesh, highlight its role as a regional power and its commitment to promoting stability in South Asia. Here’s an analysis of India’s approach, including its successes and limitations:

Political Crisis in the Maldives
India’s Mediation Efforts
Diplomatic Engagement: India has played an active diplomatic role in addressing the political crisis in the Maldives, particularly during the 2018 political upheaval when President Abdulla Yameen faced accusations of authoritarianism and electoral malpractice.

Support for Democratic Processes: India supported international calls for fair elections and democratic processes in the Maldives. It emphasized the need for peaceful resolution and respect for democratic norms.

Humanitarian Assistance: India extended humanitarian support and offered assistance in various forms, including medical aid and logistical support, during times of political instability.

Successes
Facilitating a Democratic Transition: India’s diplomatic efforts contributed to the eventual peaceful transition of power in the Maldives. The elections held in September 2018 led to the victory of opposition leader Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, which was seen as a step towards restoring democratic governance.

Strengthening Bilateral Ties: India’s support during the crisis helped in rebuilding and strengthening its bilateral ties with the Maldives, which had been strained under the previous administration.

Limitations
Perceived Interference: India’s involvement was sometimes perceived as interference by some Maldivian political factions and the public, leading to accusations of attempting to influence internal affairs.

Geopolitical Competition: The presence of other external actors, particularly China, in the Maldives complicated India’s mediation efforts. China’s growing influence in the region created challenges for India’s diplomatic engagement.

Internal Resistance: There was resistance within the Maldives to external involvement, which sometimes hampered India’s mediation efforts and limited its influence over the political resolution.

Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh
India’s Mediation Efforts
Diplomatic Support: India has engaged diplomatically with both Bangladesh and Myanmar to address the Rohingya refugee crisis. India has called for a peaceful resolution and respect for human rights in Myanmar.

Humanitarian Assistance: India has provided humanitarian aid to Bangladesh to support the Rohingya refugees. This includes financial assistance, medical supplies, and other forms of relief.

Engagement with Myanmar: India has worked with Myanmar to encourage the safe and voluntary return of Rohingya refugees to their homes in Rakhine State, emphasizing the need for a sustainable solution.

Successes
Support to Bangladesh: India’s humanitarian aid and support have been beneficial to Bangladesh in managing the refugee crisis. This has strengthened India’s relationship with Bangladesh and demonstrated its commitment to regional stability.

Diplomatic Pressure: India’s engagement has added to the international pressure on Myanmar to address the root causes of the Rohingya crisis and work towards a resolution.

Limitations
Limited Influence: India’s influence over Myanmar’s actions has been limited, particularly given Myanmar’s complex internal dynamics and the role of the military in the crisis. India’s efforts have not led to significant progress in resolving the crisis.

Regional Sensitivities: The refugee crisis has strained regional relations, and India’s position has sometimes been seen as cautious or insufficiently assertive, balancing its strategic interests and humanitarian concerns.

Geopolitical Constraints: India’s approach to the crisis has been constrained by geopolitical factors, including its relationship with Myanmar and the broader regional dynamics involving China and other international actors.

Conclusion
India’s mediation efforts in resolving regional conflicts, such as the political crisis in the Maldives and the Rohingya refugee crisis in Bangladesh, illustrate its active role in promoting stability and addressing humanitarian issues in South Asia. While there have been notable successes, such as facilitating democratic transitions and providing humanitarian aid, there are also limitations related to perceived interference, geopolitical competition, and constrained influence.

India’s approach to conflict resolution demonstrates its commitment to regional stability and humanitarian principles, but the effectiveness of its efforts is often influenced by complex regional dynamics and the actions of other external actors. Balancing its diplomatic, humanitarian, and strategic interests remains a key challenge in enhancing its conflict resolution capabilities in the neighborhood.