It is a well-done evidence that shows the prevalence and distribution of leading causes of mortality and morbidity are dissimilar mainly due to socioeconomic, health care provisions, life way of residents, and infectious status.

Some of the main causes are as follows:

Globally

-Non-communicable diseases: Others include arthritis and lung disease, kidney disease, high blood pressure, immuno-deficecy and obesity.. They have of late been emerging as the major causes of death and physical disability in most parts of the globe.
-Communicable diseases: This comprises HIV/AIDS; tuberculosis; and malaria, which is among the main leading causes of mortality and morbidity, especially in LMICs.
-Injuries: These are leading killer diseases and disability and are preventable, that include road traffic crashes, falls and other unintentional injuries to children and adolescents.

In Developed Countries:

-Non-communicable diseases: These are the four leading PRS of morbidity and mortality which are heart diseases, cancer, strokes, and chronic respiratory diseases.
-Mental health disorders: These diseases include depression and anxiety and are on the rise contributing to high disability.

In Developing Countries:

-Communicable diseases: Diseases, both infectious and parasitic, malnutrition and those causing disability are responsible for most deaths and the overall morbidity, most affecting children.
-Maternal and child mortality: Pregnancy and child-bearing complications, and perinatal and infant mortality, continue to be an issue.
-HIV/AIDS: Some zones still present important problems related with the HIV/AIDS.
-Malnutrition: Undernutrition is another common problem combined with micronutrient deficiencies, which cause a range of diseases.

Of course these are trends, and it should be understood that in and between nations the specific leading causes of deaths and diseases are different. In addition, the shifting details of demands for promising diseases such as climate change and antimicrobial resistance are becoming heavier.