To reduce pollution in cities, urban planning and public transportation policies can be improved through several key strategies:

1. Promotion of Sustainable Transport: Encourage the use of public transportation, cycling, and walking by improving infrastructure like dedicated lanes and bike-sharing programs. This reduces reliance on private vehicles, lowering emissions.

2. Expansion of Public Transit Networks: Invest in expanding and modernizing public transit systems, including buses, trams, and metros. Efficient, reliable public transport options attract more riders and reduce overall vehicle emissions.

3. Integrated Land Use and Transport Planning: Plan cities to minimize travel distances between residential, commercial, and recreational areas. Compact, mixed-use developments reduce the need for long commutes, cutting down on pollution.

4. Incentives for Green Vehicles: Provide incentives for electric and hybrid vehicles, such as tax breaks and charging infrastructure. This encourages the adoption of cleaner technologies.

5. Emissions Regulation and Monitoring: Implement strict emissions standards for vehicles and enforce monitoring programs to ensure compliance. This improves air quality and public health.

6. Public Awareness and Participation: Educate the public about the benefits of sustainable transport and involve communities in decision-making processes for urban development and transportation policies.

By integrating these strategies into urban planning and transportation policies, cities can effectively mitigate pollution levels and create healthier, more sustainable environments for residents.