Moral thinkers argue for balancing individual accountability and collective responsibility in ethical decision-making through various frameworks:

1. Deontological Ethics (Immanuel Kant) emphasizes personal duties based on principles, with collective responsibility arising when these duties are shared.
2. Utilitarianism (John Stuart Mill) focuses on outcomes, with individual actions accountable for contributing to overall happiness, and collective responsibility ensuring the greatest good for the greatest number.
3. Virtue Ethics (Aristotle) stresses developing good character traits, with collective responsibility seen in cultivating communal virtues.
4. Social Contract Theory (John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau) involves individuals agreeing to societal rules, balancing individual rights with collective norms.
5. Ethics of Care (Carol Gilligan, Nel Noddings) highlights relational aspects, with individuals accountable for nurturing others and collective responsibility in mutual care.
6. Communitarianism (Alasdair MacIntyre) focuses on community values shaping individual identities, emphasizing collective responsibility in sustaining these values.
7. Existential Ethics (Jean-Paul Sartre) stresses individual freedom and responsibility, recognizing that individual actions impact the shared human condition.
8. Confucian Ethics emphasizes fulfilling roles and responsibilities, with collective responsibility in maintaining social harmony.

Balancing these perspectives involves individuals considering both their personal responsibilities and their contributions to collective well-being.