Regional disparity means the unequal growth and development of different areas within a country. It happens when some regions have better access to resources, industries, education and jobs while others are left behind. This unequal distribution creates a gap in living standards, where people in developed areas enjoy better quality of life, while people in underdeveloped regions struggle with poverty and fewer opportunities. Regional disparity is not just about money but also about the availability of basic facilities like healthcare, education, roads and employments. Regional disparity affects overall economic growth and living standards. When only a few regions develop, the country cannot progress in a balanced way. People from backward areas migrate to cities in search of work, which creates pressure on urban resources and leaves rural areas even more neglected. The main cause of regional disparity is economic inequality. Some areas attract more industries because of better infrastructure, government policies or natural resources. Other areas remain poor due to lack of investment, poor governance or many geographical challenges. This unequal growth means certain states and cities become economic hubs while other regions face unemployment and poverty.

In India, regional disparity is a serious issue. Even after years of planning, the gap between rich and poor regions is increasing. States like Maharashtra, Karnataka and Gujarat are more developed while states like Bihar, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh are still lagging. Regional disparity leads to migration, social tensions and unequal development, which harms the unity and progress of the country.