In India’s constitutional system, conflicts between Parliament and the Supreme Court arise from structural and operational aspects.

Structural Aspects

• Parliamentary Sovereignty: Parliament has the power to make laws, reflecting the will of the people.
• Judicial Review: The Supreme Court can invalidate laws that violate the Constitution, ensuring checks and balances.

Operational Aspects

• Interpretation of Laws: The Supreme Court interprets laws, which may conflict with Parliament’s intent.
• Key Case Example: In the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), the Supreme Court established the “Basic Structure” doctrine, limiting Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution.

These conflicts underscore the delicate balance of power in India’s democracy, aiming to uphold constitutional supremacy while respecting parliamentary authority.