What are Nanomaterials? Give a brief account of any two carbon allotropes that are being used as Nanomaterial. (Answer limit: 100 words, Marks 10) [RPSC 2023]
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Nanomaterials are materials with structural components smaller than 100 nanometers, exhibiting unique physical and chemical properties due to their size.
1. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): These cylindrical structures consist of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern. They are known for their exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal properties, making them useful in electronics, nanocomposites, and drug delivery systems.
2. Graphene: A single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional lattice, graphene boasts remarkable electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as mechanical strength. Its applications range from flexible electronics to advanced batteries and sensors, revolutionizing material science.