(1) Benedict’s test for the detection of reducing sugars.
(ii) Drug, medicine, and chemotherapy. [Answer Limit: 125 words] [UKPSC 2016]
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(1) Benedict’s Test: Benedict’s test is a qualitative assay used to detect reducing sugars, such as glucose and fructose. In this test, Benedict’s reagent (a blue solution containing copper(II) sulfate) is mixed with the sample and heated. If reducing sugars are present, the solution changes color, typically from blue to green, yellow, or brick-red, indicating the presence and concentration of sugars.
(ii) Drug, Medicine, and Chemotherapy: A drug is a substance used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease. Medicines are formulated drugs that can provide therapeutic effects for various health conditions. Chemotherapy refers specifically to the use of chemical agents to treat cancer. It targets rapidly dividing cells to inhibit their growth and replication, thereby reducing tumor size and preventing cancer progression.