In the last two decades, India has witnessed increasing regional imbalances and income inequalities. While some states, particularly those in the west and south like Maharashtra and Gujarat, have experienced rapid economic growth, others, especially in the north-east and central regions, have lagged behind. This disparity is attributed to various factors, including inadequate infrastructure, limited industrialization, and insufficient access to quality education and healthcare services. Rural areas face heightened poverty and unemployment, leading to widening income gaps.

To address these challenges, the Government of India has implemented several measures. The National Development Fund (NDF) was established to provide financial assistance for regional development projects. Programs like the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) focus on improving rural infrastructure, while the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) aims to ensure guaranteed employment for rural households.

Furthermore, initiatives like the Startup India and Make in India campaigns are designed to promote entrepreneurship and industrial growth in underdeveloped regions. The government also emphasizes skill development programs to enhance employability and income potential in disadvantaged areas.

These initiatives aim to promote equitable growth, reduce regional disparities, and improve the overall standard of living for marginalized communities, fostering a more balanced and inclusive economy.